Renal diseases : a clinical guide to their diagnosis and treatment . fevers, enteric, typhus, scarlet fever,smallpox, rheumatic fever; puerperal inflam-mation, peritonitis, and all inflammations; insome cases of disordered digestion (Dr. Fuller).1 Urea is deficient in all cases of morbusBrightii, both acute and chronic, in all caseswhere the specific gravity is continuously below-the average. The average daily excretion ofurea in health may be estimated at 3J grainsper pound weight of the body (Eoberts). For clinical purposes the following are thebest methods for an approximate determinationof
Renal diseases : a clinical guide to their diagnosis and treatment . fevers, enteric, typhus, scarlet fever,smallpox, rheumatic fever; puerperal inflam-mation, peritonitis, and all inflammations; insome cases of disordered digestion (Dr. Fuller).1 Urea is deficient in all cases of morbusBrightii, both acute and chronic, in all caseswhere the specific gravity is continuously below-the average. The average daily excretion ofurea in health may be estimated at 3J grainsper pound weight of the body (Eoberts). For clinical purposes the following are thebest methods for an approximate determinationof urea in quantity :— Two or three drops of urine on a slide, left tospontaneous evaporation, will, when urea is inexcess, develop some silky and prismatic crys- 1 On Excess of Urea in the Urine, Trans., vol. li. 248 THE URINE CHEMICALPROPERTY. Urea. tals within a few minutes. Some urine pouredinto a watch-glass to which nitric acid is cau-tiously added, so that the urine will occupy theupper layer, will develop crystals of the nitrate Fig. 3. Fig. Crystals of urea. Crystals of nitrate of urea. of urea when the latter is in excess; or a testtube may be used, the tube haying about onethird of its capacity filled with urine, strongnitric acid is added and the tube plunged intocold water. If urea is in excess, crystals ofthe nitrate will soon form, and their character-istic form may be examined by the quantitative determination of urea re-quires all the resources of a chemical laboratory,combined with experience in the processes ofvolumetric analysis. To those who have timeand inclination for these researches the workof Dr. Thudichum is particularly recommended,as well as the New Sydenham Societys edi-tion and translation of Neubauer and VogeisQualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the THE URINE. 249 CHEMICALPROPERTY. Urea. Urine,1 where the test solutions and apparatusfor volumetric analysis of the urine are fullydescribed. The student should, how
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectkidneys, bookyear1870
