The international geography . and iron ore are the principal minerals at presentworked, the first-named being exported to England for the manufacture ofsulphuric acid. Coal is reported to exist in considerable quantity, chieflyon the west side of the island, and lead and nickel are also said to timber is cut to some extent for local use. Population and History.—Newfoundland was discovered by JohnCabot in 1497, at which time it was inhabited by theBeothuks, or Red Indians, a tribe whose exact affinitiesare now unknown, for the last survivor is supposed tohave died in the early part of
The international geography . and iron ore are the principal minerals at presentworked, the first-named being exported to England for the manufacture ofsulphuric acid. Coal is reported to exist in considerable quantity, chieflyon the west side of the island, and lead and nickel are also said to timber is cut to some extent for local use. Population and History.—Newfoundland was discovered by JohnCabot in 1497, at which time it was inhabited by theBeothuks, or Red Indians, a tribe whose exact affinitiesare now unknown, for the last survivor is supposed tohave died in the early part of the nineteenth fame of the cod-fishing off its shores soon spreadthrough the maritime nations of Europe, and manyships from France, Spain, Portugal and England re-sorted every year to the Grand Banks, using the manyharbours of the island as bases of operations. In 1582an English Governor was appointed, and during the next fifty years severalfutile attempts were made at colonisation. Then for more than a century. Fig. ;?^ Badgeof Newfoundland. St. Pierre and Miquelon 707 Fig. S^S.—Average pop-ulation of a squarewc of N eu-foit ndlaud. and a half colonisation was discouraged, the Enghsh merchants, who wereamassing large fortunes by cod-fishing, not wishing to have to compete withinhabitants of Newfoundland. It was not till 1791 that a Supreme Courtof Judiciary was erected in the island. At present there is a Governorappointed by the Crown, a Legislative Council, appointed for life by theGovernor in Council, and a Legislative Assemblyelected for four years by the whole people. Theexecutive is in the hands of a Ministry having theconfidence of the Assembly. For administrative pur-poses the coast of Labrador is considered as part ofthe colony of Newfoundland. The usual means of communication between oneplace and another has been by boats along the coast,but a railway now crosses the island from St. Johnsto Port aux Basques, passing through the most fertileand
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectgeography, bookyear19
