. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club. Martin WWoodcock 275 Bull. 2003 123(4) An early contribution to confusion in the nomenclature occurred when Sharpe (1874) erected a new genus to describe what eventually turned out to be a fledgeling of P. woodhousei, naming it Lobornis alexandri on account of the white wattles at the gape. The description was repeated by Sharpe (1885) with a coloured figure. Sharpe (1908) recognised his mistake, and Lobornis was synonomised with Parmoptila. The three species comprised the genus for the next forty years, and were listed as such by Sclater (
. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club. Martin WWoodcock 275 Bull. 2003 123(4) An early contribution to confusion in the nomenclature occurred when Sharpe (1874) erected a new genus to describe what eventually turned out to be a fledgeling of P. woodhousei, naming it Lobornis alexandri on account of the white wattles at the gape. The description was repeated by Sharpe (1885) with a coloured figure. Sharpe (1908) recognised his mistake, and Lobornis was synonomised with Parmoptila. The three species comprised the genus for the next forty years, and were listed as such by Sclater (1930). However, Delacour (1943), treated all three forms as conspecific. With the notable exception of a later authority on the Congo avifauna (Chapin 1954) all subsequent authorities revised and confused the nomenclature in various arbitrary degrees of lumping. Thus, both Schouteden (1958) and White (1963) lumped all the forms under woodhousei, while Hall & Moreau (1970) maintained woodhousei as a good species, but ignored the name rubrifrons completely, treating the other two forms as jamesoni, despite the fact that the former was described 18 years earlier. Traylor (1968) treated all the forms under woodhousei, and Goodwin (1982) and Sibley & Monroe (1990) treated rubrifrons and jamesoni as conspecific. Confusion in the recent literature has not helped, since Stevenson & Fanshawe (2002) illustrated a species they called woodhousei, showing the male of jamesoni and the female of woodhouseil Prior to nearlv all this revision, Chapin (1954), retaining. rubrifrons woodhousei jamesoni Fig 1. Distribution of the three species of Parmoptila. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original British Ornithologists Club. Oxford : Clarendon Press
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