. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture. BULLETIN No. 899 Contribution from the Bureaa of Entomology L. O. HOWARD, Chief. Washington, D. C, December 14, 1920 GIPSY MOTH TREE-BANDING MATERIAL: HOW TO MAKE, USE, AND APPLY IT. By C. W. CoLUNS, Entomological Assistant, and Clifford E. Hood, Scientific Assistant, Gipsy Moth and Brovm-tail Moth Investigations. CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 Uses of gipsy moth tree-banding ma- terial 2 Making gipsy motti tree-banding ma- terial 3 Application of the bands 7 Value of banding trees in woodlands, along fences, or near stone walls_ 1
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture. BULLETIN No. 899 Contribution from the Bureaa of Entomology L. O. HOWARD, Chief. Washington, D. C, December 14, 1920 GIPSY MOTH TREE-BANDING MATERIAL: HOW TO MAKE, USE, AND APPLY IT. By C. W. CoLUNS, Entomological Assistant, and Clifford E. Hood, Scientific Assistant, Gipsy Moth and Brovm-tail Moth Investigations. CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 Uses of gipsy moth tree-banding ma- terial 2 Making gipsy motti tree-banding ma- terial 3 Application of the bands 7 Value of banding trees in woodlands, along fences, or near stone walls_ 12 Practicability of treating gipsy moth egg clusters and of banding trees versus power spraying 13 Resurfacing old bands of gipsy moth tree-banding material 13 Behavior of caterpillars beneath gipsy moth tree-banding material and its effect upon those crossing bands 14 Effect on bark of trees 15 Value of banding apple trees located near woodland infested by the gipsy moth 15 Species of insects against which gipsy moth tree-banding material is ef- fective 16 Conclusions and recommendations 17 INTRODUCTION. Previous to 1896 various materials, such as gas tar, coal tar, tree lime, raupenleim, bird lime, printers' ink, cotton batting, and some sticky substances, were used on tree trunks to bar wingless adult in- sects and caterpillars from ascending tree« to deposit their eggs or feed upon the leaves. Since that time there have been developed and used in large quantities sticky compounds, some of which are of great merit. The better grades of this material were used exten- sively in control work against the gipsy moth {Porthetria dispar L.) from 1905 until about 1915, but since this time its use has been some- what restricted owing to the high cost of the material and its appli- cation, and to the increase in high-power spraying. Raupenleim, which is of a greasy nature, was first imported from Germany and experimented with in control work against the gipsy moth by the State Board
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