. Designing an optimum protected areas system for Sri Lanka's natural forests. Volume 1. Application of this equation, derived from fog studies in Hawaii, to conditions in Sri Lanka is justified elsewhere (Gunawardena, 1991). As described in the next section, similar studies are underway in Sri Lanka. Once completed, these will enable the coefficients in Equation (6) to be modified. Field experiments in Sri Lanka A field smdy to determine the significance of fog interception to the hydrology of catchment systems was begun at Horton Plains in 1993. An automatic weather station with a fog
. Designing an optimum protected areas system for Sri Lanka's natural forests. Volume 1. Application of this equation, derived from fog studies in Hawaii, to conditions in Sri Lanka is justified elsewhere (Gunawardena, 1991). As described in the next section, similar studies are underway in Sri Lanka. Once completed, these will enable the coefficients in Equation (6) to be modified. Field experiments in Sri Lanka A field smdy to determine the significance of fog interception to the hydrology of catchment systems was begun at Horton Plains in 1993. An automatic weather station with a fog collector was installed at the top of a 20 m high tower, which stands 5 m above the forest canopy. The net rainfall beneath the forest canopy is also measured. A detailed description of the experiment is given elsewhere (Bastable and Gunawardena, 1994). Preliminary results, based on two years of data, show that interception of horizontally driven fog by the forest canopy may account for over 50% increase in net rainfall for certain months, usually during the south-west monsoon (Figure ). On average, such horizontal interception of fog accounts for of annual rainfall (Gunawardena, 1996). Assuming that the vertical interception of fog is about 30% of annual rainfall, which is a reasonable value for tropical forest, the total contribution from fog to the hydrological cycle is about of annual Figure Increase in net rainfall from fog interception at Horton Plains between November 1993 and October 1995 It will be necessary to obtain several years of data from additional locations in order to determine the coefficients of Equation (6). Meanwhile, these preliminary results suggest that the value of Y (moisture contributed by fog) in Equation (6) is somewhat inflated. Such an overestimate does not directly affect the results of the present study because they are based on ranks rather than absolute values of the fog contribution. 46. Please note that these im
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