. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 8 THE PERIODICAL CICADA. According to the records tbey appeared in 1808 earlier iu the South than iu the North ; but the last half of May can be set down as the period duriug" which they emerge from the ground in any part of the country, while they generally leave by the 4th of July. In Saint Louis County, Missouri, in 1868, they commenced issuing on the 22d of May, and by the 28th of the same month the woods resounded with the rattling concourse of the ])erfect insect. As is the case with a great many other
. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 8 THE PERIODICAL CICADA. According to the records tbey appeared in 1808 earlier iu the South than iu the North ; but the last half of May can be set down as the period duriug" which they emerge from the ground in any part of the country, while they generally leave by the 4th of July. In Saint Louis County, Missouri, in 1868, they commenced issuing on the 22d of May, and by the 28th of the same month the woods resounded with the rattling concourse of the ])erfect insect. As is the case with a great many other insects, the males make their appearance several days before the females, and also disappear sooner. Hence, in the latter part of the Cicada season, though the woods are still full of females, the song of but very few males will be heard. That circumstances favorable or otherwise may accelerate or retard their development was accidentally proven, in 1868, by Dr. E. S. Hull, of Alton, 111., as by constructing underground flues for the purpose of forcing vegetables, he also caused the Cicadas to issue as early as the 20th of March, and at consecutive periods afterwards till May, though, strange to say, these premature individuals did not sing. They fre- quently appear in small numbers, and more rarely in large numbers, the year before or the year after their proper period. This is more es- pecially the case with the 13-year brood. Thus, in Madison County, in Illinois, and in Daviess and Clark Counties, in Missouri, there were in 1854 a few precursors of the true 1855 brood. They were also ob-. Fir,. 2.—Seventeen-year Cicada: a, pupa; 6, cast pupa shell; c, ima- go: d, punctured twig ; e, two eggs. (After Riley.) served inJMadisou County, Illinois, iu 1867, while " L. ;, writing from Guntersville, Ala., to the Country Gentleman, of June 25, 1868, says, " some call them 14-year ; Other such cases will be noticed Please note that these im
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