. The principles of chemistry . HCl,nHoO) 12-3;(N + H4 + CI) 90-6 ; (NH3 + HCl) 41-9. 5 The same ammonia water is obtained, although in smaller quantities, in thedry distillation of plants and of coal, which consists of the remains of fossil all these cases the ammonia proceeds from the destruction of the comi)lex nitrogenoussubstances occurring in i:)liints and animals. The ammonia salts employed in the artsare prepared by this method. 248 PEINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY veo-etable refuse, from urine, or from the ammoniacal liquors collected inthe destructive distillation of coal for the pr
. The principles of chemistry . HCl,nHoO) 12-3;(N + H4 + CI) 90-6 ; (NH3 + HCl) 41-9. 5 The same ammonia water is obtained, although in smaller quantities, in thedry distillation of plants and of coal, which consists of the remains of fossil all these cases the ammonia proceeds from the destruction of the comi)lex nitrogenoussubstances occurring in i:)liints and animals. The ammonia salts employed in the artsare prepared by this method. 248 PEINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY veo-etable refuse, from urine, or from the ammoniacal liquors collected inthe destructive distillation of coal for the preparation of coal gas. Thisammoniacal liquor is placed in a retort with lime and heated ; theammonia is then evolved together with steam.^ In the arts, only asmall amount of ammonia is used in a free state—that is, in an aqueoussolution j the greater portion of it is converted into different saltshaving technical uses, especially sal-ammoniac, NH4CI, and ammoniumsulphate, (yH4)2S04. They are saline substances which are formed. Fig. 43.—Method of abstracting ammouia, on a large scale, from ammonia water obtained at gasworks by the drj- distillation of coal, or by the fermentation of urine, &c. This water is mixedwith lime and poured into the boiler C, and from thence into C and C consecutivelv. The lastboiler is heated ?directly oyer a fm-uace, and hence no ammonia remains in solution after theliquid has been boiled in it. The liquid is therefore then thro^^l away. The ammonia yapourand steam pass fi-om the boiler C, through the tube T, into the boiler C, and then into C , so thatthe solution in C becomes stronger than that in C, and still stronger in C. The boilers are tiu--uished with stirrers A, A, and A to preyeut the lime settling. From C the ammonia and steampass through the tube T into worm condensers surrounded with cold water, thence into theWoulfes bottle P, where the solation of ammonia is collected, and finally the still uncondensedammonia yapour is led into the
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