A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . , even after his V. held a council at Vienne in 1311, when Bonifacewas declared to have been orthodox, and at the same timePhilip was shielded from ecclesiastical reproach. Suppression of Knights Templars. — Philip coveted the vastwealth of the order of Knights Templars, and one of the de-mands the council had to grant was their condemnation. OnOctober 13, 1307, the Templars were arrested all over France,an act which shows the power and the injustice of were charged with secret immoralities, and wi
A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . , even after his V. held a council at Vienne in 1311, when Bonifacewas declared to have been orthodox, and at the same timePhilip was shielded from ecclesiastical reproach. Suppression of Knights Templars. — Philip coveted the vastwealth of the order of Knights Templars, and one of the de-mands the council had to grant was their condemnation. OnOctober 13, 1307, the Templars were arrested all over France,an act which shows the power and the injustice of were charged with secret immoralities, and with prac- THE SALIC LAW 309 tices involving impiety. Many of them were examined undertorture, and burned at the stake. Individuals may have beenguilty of some of the charges, but there was no warrant for sucha verdict against the entire order. The order was abolishedby Clement V. Law Studies ; Mercenary Troops. — During the reign of Philipthe Fair, it was ordained that Parliament should sit twice everyyear at Paris (1303). The king needed soldiers as well as law-. ,^ Papal Palace at Avignon yers. Mercenary troops were beginning to take the place offeudal bands. Philip brought the Genoese galleys against theships of Planders. At the accession of Philip V. (1316-1322)it was decreed that no female should succeed to the throne ofPrance. This was imagined to be a part of the old SalicLaw. The rule was really the result of the ^ genealogicalaccident that for three hundred and forty-one years, or sincethe election of Hugh Capet, every French king had been suc-ceeded by his son. In several cases the son had been crowned 310 ENGLAND AND FRANCE in the lifetime of the father. Thus the principle of heredity,and of heredity in the male line, had taken root. Edward I. of England (1272-1307) ; Conquest of Wales; Wil-liam Wallace. — Edward was in the Holy Land when hisfather died. He became the most brilliant monarch of thefourteenth century. Llywelyn, Prince of Wales, was com-pelled to t
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