. The Niagara book : a complete souvenir of Niagara Falls : containing sketches, stories and essays--descriptive, humorous, historical and scientific. geologists.* Although there ismuch which is still doubtful, concerning the history ofthis singular stream, a great deal of interest has beenwell ascertained. The outlines of this matter we willnow endeavor to set before the reader. In endeavoring to comprehend the history of Ni-agara, it is necessary to take account of the singularconditions presented by the great valley in which itlies. The St. Lawrence is on some accounts the mostcurious of al
. The Niagara book : a complete souvenir of Niagara Falls : containing sketches, stories and essays--descriptive, humorous, historical and scientific. geologists.* Although there ismuch which is still doubtful, concerning the history ofthis singular stream, a great deal of interest has beenwell ascertained. The outlines of this matter we willnow endeavor to set before the reader. In endeavoring to comprehend the history of Ni-agara, it is necessary to take account of the singularconditions presented by the great valley in which itlies. The St. Lawrence is on some accounts the mostcurious of all the great vales which geographers havehad an opportunity to study. The most of the river- *The literature concerning the problems of the Niagara River is abundant,but widely scattered. The ablest single contribution to the subject is by K. Gilbert, Geologist, U. S. Geological survey. It is contained in the sixthannual report of the Commissioners of the State reservation at Niagara, forthe year i88g.—Albany, James B. Lyon, Printer, 1890. References to variousother treatisfeson the subject may be found in the foot-note of that paper,. THE GEOLOGY OF NIAGARA FALLS. 75 basins in the world have their boundaries defined by aconsiderable elevation. If, here and there, they have alow side over which we may pass to a neighboringvalley without traversing a decided water-shed, thepartial breach of the boundaries is very limited in itslength. In the St, Lawrence valley, however, from thelower end of Lake Ontario to the mouth of Lake Su-perior the basin is on its southern side but ill-defined. The low, broad ridge which separates the drainagefrom that of the streams which flow into the Hudson,or into the Mississippi, is frequently breached by de-pressions through which the waters belonging to theGreat Lakes system may readily be discharged when-ever their elevation is considerably altered, or when bychance a barrier is interposed to their exit through theGulf of St. Lawrence. Acci
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