. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. TEE BEAD. 33 3. Lumbar vertebrx.—The lumbar Tertebrse are the strongest bones in the spine, and their bodies are nearly as thick as those of the larger domesticated animals. This enormous development of the lumbar vertebraj in Man is related to his position as a biperl. In the fifth, the lower face of the body is out very obliquely backwards and upwards, and the transverse processes are more voluminous than those of the other lumbar vertebras. 4. Sacrum.—The sacrum is formed by the union . of five pieces. It is very con
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. TEE BEAD. 33 3. Lumbar vertebrx.—The lumbar Tertebrse are the strongest bones in the spine, and their bodies are nearly as thick as those of the larger domesticated animals. This enormous development of the lumbar vertebraj in Man is related to his position as a biperl. In the fifth, the lower face of the body is out very obliquely backwards and upwards, and the transverse processes are more voluminous than those of the other lumbar vertebras. 4. Sacrum.—The sacrum is formed by the union . of five pieces. It is very concave from above to below and before to behind. In becoming united to the lumbar region, it forms a salient angle in front, to which has been given the name oi promon- tory or sacro-vertehral angle. The sacral spine is continuous or interrupted, according to the subject; it is alway bifid inferiorly. 5. Coccygeal vertebra.—These are little bones or flattened tubercles, four in number, rarely five, and usually consolidated. The coccyx is conical in shape. Its base shows two processes directed up- wards, which are called the cornua of the coccyx. Its summit is often deviated to the right or left. Aeticlb II.—The Head. The head is a large bony pyramid, elon- gated from above to below, and quadran- gular, suspended to the anterior extremity of the spine; it is in a direction varying with the attitudes of the animal, but which we will suppose, for convenience of description, to be nearly vertical. It is formed of a great number of particular bones, which are only distinct from one another in very young animals; for well before the adult period is reached the majority of the bones are united and cannot be separated. The head is divided into two parts : the cranium and the face. BONES OF THE CEANITTM. The cranium, or upper part of the head, is composed of seven flat bones, five of which are single: the occipital, parietal, 'frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid; one only, the temporal
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