The British nation a history / by George MWrong . Part of Notiman Nave,Durham Cathedral, about 1130. 152 THE BRITISH NATION structures, often of wood, and soon the Xorman castle rose everywhere, and Ts orman bishops and Xorman abbots, who supplanted Englishmen, set about re- The Norman jj^iitiinff their Cathedrals and abbeys. Hun-arcnitectuie. ® . • dreds of new churches were built; the diocese of Oxford alone has to this day two hundred *nd fortychurclies begun within a hundred years of the Normans buildings were massive. He used theround Eoman arch, but his work was rougher, his
The British nation a history / by George MWrong . Part of Notiman Nave,Durham Cathedral, about 1130. 152 THE BRITISH NATION structures, often of wood, and soon the Xorman castle rose everywhere, and Ts orman bishops and Xorman abbots, who supplanted Englishmen, set about re- The Norman jj^iitiinff their Cathedrals and abbeys. Hun-arcnitectuie. ® . • dreds of new churches were built; the diocese of Oxford alone has to this day two hundred *nd fortychurclies begun within a hundred years of the Normans buildings were massive. He used theround Eoman arch, but his work was rougher, his wallswere thicker, his pillars heavier than those of Rome. Hecould not make the Roman mortar that has in some casesoutlasted the stones which it held together, his masonrywas wide-Jointed and bad, and at first his primitive carv-ing was done with an axe. But the Xorman work ini-. NoRMAN Doorway, Ifflet, aboit the cliihonite ornanifiit. proved rapidly. Taught, perhaps, by the returning cru-saders, who had seen better architecture in other lands,tlie Norman builder soon matured his style to its fullest CIVILIZATION IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY 153 beauty, and the lavish ornament, which he bestowed oneven tiny country churches, surprises us still; in vaststructures like DurhamCathedral and in smallones like Iffley Church,the same wealth of careand toil is to be wonder how villagescoald bear the cost ofthe many beautiful par-ish churches; but thebishop had the powerto order the erection ofchurches, and villagersmust somehow obey. Itwas they who built thechurches; probably notoften did a great man ormonastery furnish themeans to erect a villagechurch. The devotion to theround - arched Xormanarchitecture continued for a hundred years, but when inThe begmning ^^^^ Canterbury Cathedral was partly de-of Gothic stroyed by fire the architect who rebuilt i
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