. Annals of the Carnegie Museum. Carnegie Museum; Carnegie Museum of Natural History; Natural history. XIX. A FOSSIL-BEARING ALLUVIAL DEPOSIT IN SALT- VILLE VALLEY, VIRGINIA. By O. a. Peterson. (Plate XL VI11.) In the month of June, 1917, there was brought to the Carnegie Museum for identification a small collection of fossils from Saltville, Smyth County, Virginia. This material suggested a preliminary investigation of the locality, whence it came. The writer was there- fore sent to the spot to examine the deposit. By the kind permission of Mr. W. D. Mount, the General Manager of the Mathieso
. Annals of the Carnegie Museum. Carnegie Museum; Carnegie Museum of Natural History; Natural history. XIX. A FOSSIL-BEARING ALLUVIAL DEPOSIT IN SALT- VILLE VALLEY, VIRGINIA. By O. a. Peterson. (Plate XL VI11.) In the month of June, 1917, there was brought to the Carnegie Museum for identification a small collection of fossils from Saltville, Smyth County, Virginia. This material suggested a preliminary investigation of the locality, whence it came. The writer was there- fore sent to the spot to examine the deposit. By the kind permission of Mr. W. D. Mount, the General Manager of the Mathieson Alkali Works, on the property of which the deposit is located, I was able to commence an investigation on June 23. Saltville Valley is drained by a tributary of the North Holston River, and lies between a series of high and rounded hills in the early Pale- ozoic. (See Plate XLVIII.) A great deal of the valley was formerly covered by water during certain portions of the year, but is now drained by a series of canals and ditches. The approximate width of the valley is from one and one-quarter to one and one-half miles at its widest part. The surface is covered by rich black alluvium and clay which rests on a yellowish brown layer of clay heavily charged with gypsum. -About -^5 feei. : Lst/er' Pleistocene?- ]:,BLACK:: soii^;^^. - ',. , :"; ^,LlGHT BflOW/^ AND I STICKY CLAY ^ FRAGMENTS OF RIVEH SI/ELLsX -1 ,,^.4 e ,,; ^LLOW CLAY HCAI/ILY C//AHC£p;i.^ Fig. I. Diagram showing deposits at point where the bones were discovered. This stratum of yellow clay is probably of Pleistocene origin. Its thickness has not been accurately determined. Water is struck every- where in the valley at a depth of about eight feet below the surface, and this may account for the fact that the depth of the formation alluded to is not more certainly known. In the deeper strata, to a depth of about one thousand feet, are various layers of salt, which are 469 ANN. CARN. MUS., XI, 3I, DEC
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