. A treatise on steel : comprising its theory, metallurgy, properties, practical working, and use. e good iron-master had noidea that he was making steel of cementation, andthe worthy merchant was no more cognizant of thefact, although he did charge high prices to the black-smiths, his clients, for this so-called refined likely he would have remained in that igno-rance, had not the author of this book revealed themystery by breaking one of the bars before , the revealer is not very certain that the candidmerchant has been convinced. 261. The name of cementation is given to the
. A treatise on steel : comprising its theory, metallurgy, properties, practical working, and use. e good iron-master had noidea that he was making steel of cementation, andthe worthy merchant was no more cognizant of thefact, although he did charge high prices to the black-smiths, his clients, for this so-called refined likely he would have remained in that igno-rance, had not the author of this book revealed themystery by breaking one of the bars before , the revealer is not very certain that the candidmerchant has been convinced. 261. The name of cementation is given to the ope-ration by which two solid substances may be alloyedand dissolved into each other, without either of thembeing in a state of complete fusion. In the cementation, iron and carbon are put incontact under a strong heat; but neither is melted. 161 TREATISE ON STEEL. We do not know how this penetration takes place;because, if there is solution, one at least of the twosubstances must be in the liquid state; and, in thiscase, it is difficult to believe that iron has acquiredany Fig. 1 Several explanations of a more or less speculative charac-ter have been given, in which the action of nitrogen plays agreat part. Mr. Caron believes that nitrogen acts like a carrier,a kind of stevedore, in carrying molecules of carbon into theiron. M. Fremy asserts, that without nitrogen, cementation couldnot take place. There is always some air, and consequently nitrogen, in thecharcoal used, and in the gases from the Jireplace. — Trans. STEEL OF CEMENTATION. 165 262. The furnace employed for the manufacture ofsteel of cementation is a reverberatory furnace witha peculiar construction. Its length is about fivemetres; the fireplace is in the middle, and occupiesthe whole length, in order to render the heat uni-form everywhere. Above the fireplace are builtthe flues, which sustain the cementing chests, andallow a free and equal passage for the flame. Uponthese flues are two chests oc
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