Topographic surveying; including geographic, exploratory, and military mapping, with hints on camping, emergency surgery, and photography . ddle of one end and shouldbe protected by flap of at least eight inches width which canbe tied both inside and outside. Near the top of eachend should be a small opening for ventilation and for insert-ing the pole (Fig. 188), and this should be protected instormy weather by a canvas flap which can be tied down overit from the inside. Inside the tent, on a level with the top of 8i8 CAMP EQUIPMENT AND PROPERTY. the wall all around, at distances of two feet,
Topographic surveying; including geographic, exploratory, and military mapping, with hints on camping, emergency surgery, and photography . ddle of one end and shouldbe protected by flap of at least eight inches width which canbe tied both inside and outside. Near the top of eachend should be a small opening for ventilation and for insert-ing the pole (Fig. 188), and this should be protected instormy weather by a canvas flap which can be tied down overit from the inside. Inside the tent, on a level with the top of 8i8 CAMP EQUIPMENT AND PROPERTY. the wall all around, at distances of two feet, should be tiedstrings, so that the wall can be raised in warm weather andtied up so as to allow the air to circulate freely. At the bottom of the wall should be a sod-flap of lighterduck and about eight inches in width. This is to keep outthe wind and rain, so that when the tent is pegged downfrom the outside this flap is turned inside near the floor orground, and kept in place by laying upon it dirt, short stripsof wood or stone, or anything else which will weight it use of dirt is not recommended as it is liable to rot and. Fig. i88.—Wall Tent with , destroy the cloth. The ridge-pole should project about fiveor six feet in front of the tent, and be supported there by athird pole, and the fly should be this amount longer thanthe tent—that is, 14 to 15 feet in length, so as to extendlike a porch as a shelter from sun and rain. An excellentmodification of this extension fly is to so cut it that it willdroop downward in a curved or turtleback form ; then it willnot be supported by an extension ridge, but will be merelyguyed out by ropes. Frequently for convenience of transportation or for light-ness tents of other sizes must be used. In a large party it isoften more convenient to have a 12 X 14 tent, in which a num- TENTS. 819 ber of men may live or which may be used as a for the latter purpose, such tent need not be provided witha fly. In very hot
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