. Antonio Allegri da Correggio, his life, his friends, and his time. re to keep, finding them little superiorto her own masters. A brief visit of Leonardos is recorded in1514, but henever workedin the city,and historians,Jansen andM i 1 a n e s iamong thenumber, aremistaken insupposingSodoma tohave beenthere in is great-ly to the creditof Parma thather efforts towin an hon-ourable place for herself in the history of the Renaissance emanated entirelyfrom her citizens. Her dignity was not derived from a powerfulfamily like the Bentivogli, the Estensi, or the Gonzaghi, who sought 1 The e
. Antonio Allegri da Correggio, his life, his friends, and his time. re to keep, finding them little superiorto her own masters. A brief visit of Leonardos is recorded in1514, but henever workedin the city,and historians,Jansen andM i 1 a n e s iamong thenumber, aremistaken insupposingSodoma tohave beenthere in is great-ly to the creditof Parma thather efforts towin an hon-ourable place for herself in the history of the Renaissance emanated entirelyfrom her citizens. Her dignity was not derived from a powerfulfamily like the Bentivogli, the Estensi, or the Gonzaghi, who sought 1 The error arose from a confusion between the famous Vercellian and a humbleParmesan artist of the same name, Giovanni Antonio Bazzi, who is mentioned in con-temporary documents as a citizen of Parma, where he was living in 1511 and in 1521,whereas Sodoma is known to have been elsewhere at those dates. See G. Frizzoni, Arteitaliana del Rinascimento, p. 151. G. Campori, Gli artisti italiani e stranieri 7iegli statiestensi, p. 58. E. Scarabelli Zunti, MSS. already ST. CATHERINE BEFORE THE DOCTORS, BY ARALDI. Fresco at Parma. iSo ANTONIO DA CORREGGIO an added lustre for their famous houses in the patronage of art andletters, but from her commune, her clergy, her religious bodies,and her burghers. This is the more remarkable in view of the fre-quent changes in her internal polity, and the absence of sustained andequable rule. Forced to rely on her own resources, she was at theheight of artistic glory when it had begun to wane in all the neighbour-ing states. In 1499 Parma fell into the hands of Louis XII. ; it passed,however, to Julius II. in consequence of the league between the Popeand the Emperor Maximilian. On the death of Julius the city becamesubject to Milan, and afterwards (1513) to Leo X., from whom it waswrested by Francis I. The Pope, assisted by the Emperor CharlesV., recovered it in 1521, and appointed Francesco Guicciardinigovernor. After an interval of some six ye
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