. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 43. : The Himalayan torrent-accompanying bird community. - Riverbed species (a: Rhyacomis, Chaimarrornis; b: 5 Enicurus species, 3 Motacilla species; c: 2 Cinclus species); soil-layer species (d: Pnoepyga pusilla); exposed bush-layer species (e: Alcedo atthis); cryptic bush-layer species (f: 2 Nil- tava species; 2 Brachyptenx species; Cinclidiiim leiiciirum; Stachyris nigriceps); canopy species (g: Phylloscopus magnirostris; h: Myiophonus caendeiis); rockface species (i: Tichodroma muraria). Original by K. Rehbinder. There is nearly no vertical
. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 43. : The Himalayan torrent-accompanying bird community. - Riverbed species (a: Rhyacomis, Chaimarrornis; b: 5 Enicurus species, 3 Motacilla species; c: 2 Cinclus species); soil-layer species (d: Pnoepyga pusilla); exposed bush-layer species (e: Alcedo atthis); cryptic bush-layer species (f: 2 Nil- tava species; 2 Brachyptenx species; Cinclidiiim leiiciirum; Stachyris nigriceps); canopy species (g: Phylloscopus magnirostris; h: Myiophonus caendeiis); rockface species (i: Tichodroma muraria). Original by K. Rehbinder. There is nearly no vertical sequence of subspecies in Nepal except for three cases. In the Stonechat {Saxicola torquata, which see), the subspecies S. t. indica penetrates into the lower Himalayas from N India up to 2500 m. The Tibetan subspecies S. t. przewalskii de- scends from the Tibetan plateau to the Inner Valleys as far as the N rim of the main chain, down to 3800 m. However, they do not meet and there is a belt of about 1500 m devoid of Stonechats. The Hoepoe (Upupa epops, which see) may be represented by the subspecies U. e. ceylonensis at lower altitude up to appr. 1500 m altitude and by U. e. epops above this altitude, the latter being present only in W Nepal. The Black Kite (Milvus migrans, which see) inhabits the C Himalayas by a lowland subspecies (M. m. govinda) and an up- land subspecies (M. m. lineatits). Breeding records are sparse and nothing is known about a contact zone. In Corx'us macrorhynchos, formerly believed to represent one lower and one upper sub- species in Nepal, actually 2 full biological species are concerned, which are parapatric near 2000 m on the S macroslope (see Corvus japonicus, C. levaillantii).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bonn, Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Ale
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