. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 116 D. L. COWLES AND J. J CH1I DKI SS to the square of speed. In addition, Cowles et al. (1986) showed that drag on a dead mysid's body increases lin- early with velocity c ver the speed range at which these animals were swi nmmg. Since thrust in a steadily swim- ming animal is ualtodrag(Wu, 1977), thrust and met- abolic ei' 'nsumption would also increase linearly with swimming speed in these animals if drag on a dead mysid : opresentative of drag on a live, swimming mysid. A linear relationship between swimming velocity and
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 116 D. L. COWLES AND J. J CH1I DKI SS to the square of speed. In addition, Cowles et al. (1986) showed that drag on a dead mysid's body increases lin- early with velocity c ver the speed range at which these animals were swi nmmg. Since thrust in a steadily swim- ming animal is ualtodrag(Wu, 1977), thrust and met- abolic ei' 'nsumption would also increase linearly with swimming speed in these animals if drag on a dead mysid : opresentative of drag on a live, swimming mysid. A linear relationship between swimming velocity and rate of oxygen consumption has also been reported for several other crustacean species. Halcrow and Boyd, (1967) found a linear relationship for the amphipod Gammarus oceanicus, as did Torres and Childress. (\()%l)forEuphausiapaciftca. A number of other crusta- ceans, however, have been found to have nonlinear rela- tionships between swimming velocity and rate of oxygen consumption. The basis for these differences is not clear. However, it appears likely that at higher speeds the rela- tionship between velocity and oxygen consumption in G. ingens would begin to conform more closely to an exponential relationship (Hargreaves. 1981; Webb, 197 5a; Cowles 1986). Size dependency of oxygen consumption It has been shown for numerous organisms that the slope of the allometric equation of the logarithm of total oxygen consumed (Y) versus the logarithm of the ani- mal's mass (X) generally falls in the range of to 1, usually being about (Kleiber, 1947; Wolvekamp and Waterman, 1960; Wu, 1977; Schmidt-Nielsen, 1979). This relationship holds for standard or basal me- tabolism (Winberg. 1956, 1961; Hemmingsen. 1960; Brett. 1965; Brett and Glass, 1973;Wilkie, 1977; Peters, 1983). for routine metabolism (Job. 1957), and for active metabolism (Brett, 1965, Brett and Glass, 1973; Taylor ci 1981; Prothero, 1979). Childress (197la) and Miller-Adams and Childress (1983c) found
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