. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter V —33— Physical Chemistry (CoMANDON and Pinoy, Seifriz, Mangenot) and the elastic properties of the cytoplasm. Utilizing the results obtained from the study of protein solu- tions, Mayer and Schaeffer with the ultramicroscope began the study of animal cells living under favorable conditions. This study permitted the authors to observe that the cytoplasm presents in the ultramicroscope only a few lighted granules, which do not show Brownian movement. They are not to be classed as mi- celles for they are always visib
. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter V —33— Physical Chemistry (CoMANDON and Pinoy, Seifriz, Mangenot) and the elastic properties of the cytoplasm. Utilizing the results obtained from the study of protein solu- tions, Mayer and Schaeffer with the ultramicroscope began the study of animal cells living under favorable conditions. This study permitted the authors to observe that the cytoplasm presents in the ultramicroscope only a few lighted granules, which do not show Brownian movement. They are not to be classed as mi- celles for they are always visible in direct light. In addition to these granules which belong to the paraplasm, the cytoplasm, like the nucleoprotein solutions, does not show under the ultra- microscope any visible micelle at all. Schaeffer, therefore, has. Fig. 9. — Ultramicroscopic view of epidermal cells of the leaf of Iris germanica. 1, In the living cell the nucleus is opalescent, the nucleolus and cytoplasm optically empty. The granules correspond to lipide inclusions either (P) within invisible filamentous plastids or (GO dispersed in the cyto- plasm. 2, In the coagulated cell the nucleus and cytoplasm are entirely luminous. identified it with a fluid hydrogel. Now a fluid hydrogel behaves like an electronegative hydrogel. Like all the alkaline or negative gels, it becomes cloudy when it is put into acids: at first confused lumi- nous streaks are seen, then ultramicroscopic granules which soon become visible in direct lighting and assemble in a network. Finally the cytoplasm becomes entirely luminous. It is then coagu- lated. The salts of heavy metals and, in general, all substances em- ployed as fixing agents, act in the same manner as acids, by making the cjrtoplasm appear granular and vesiculate. The dehydrators (alcohol, heat) act similarly. On the contrary, in the presence of alkalis the cytoplasm remains optically Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images
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