Elements of chemistry : including the applications of the science in the arts . ep in the process of preparing sodafrom common salt. The same manufacture gives rise to the preparation of largequantities of sulphuric acid, of which 80 pounds are required for 100 pounds of salt. From the last, upwards of 50,000 tons of soda-ash, and 20,000 tons of crystallized carbonate ofsoda, were manufactured in 1838; and the pro-duction has since greatly increased. A reverberatory furnace is employed in soda-making and various other chemical manufactures,to afford the means of exposing a considerablequantity
Elements of chemistry : including the applications of the science in the arts . ep in the process of preparing sodafrom common salt. The same manufacture gives rise to the preparation of largequantities of sulphuric acid, of which 80 pounds are required for 100 pounds of salt. From the last, upwards of 50,000 tons of soda-ash, and 20,000 tons of crystallized carbonate ofsoda, were manufactured in 1838; and the pro-duction has since greatly increased. A reverberatory furnace is employed in soda-making and various other chemical manufactures,to afford the means of exposing a considerablequantity of materials to a strong heat, of which aperpendicular and a horizontal section are givenin fig. 180. It consists of a fire-place, a, in whichthe fuel is burned, of which b is the ash-pit, witha horizontal flue expanding into a small chamberor oven, d d, which is raised to a strong red heatby the reverberation on its walls of the flame orheated air from the fire, on its passage to thechimney. The matters to be heated are placedupon the floor of this chamber. It has an open-. PREPARATION OF CARBONATE OF SODA, 393 mg, i, in the side, for the introduction of materials, and another opening, g, at theend most distant from the fire. The chimney is provided with a damper, p, bywhich the draught is regulated. (1.) The sulphate of soda is prepared by throwing 600 pounds of common salt intothe chamber of the furnace, already well heated, and running down upon it, from anopening in the roof, an equal weight of sulphuric acid of density , in a moderatestream. Hydrochlorio acid is disengaged and carried up the chimney, and the con-version of the salt into sulphate of soda is completed in four hours. (2.) The sul-phate thus prepared is reduced to powder and 100 parts of it mixed with 103 partsof ground chalk, and 62 parts of small coal ground and sifted. This mixture is in-troduced into a very hot reverheratory furnace, about two hundred weight at a is frequently stirred until
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1850, bookpublisherphila, bookyear1853
