. An introduction to the study of mammals living and extinct. Mammals. 544 CARNIVORA tine group, as represented by the Indian H. sivalensis and the Grecian H. graca, connects H. striata with Palhycena. Both are characterised by the presence of a small second lower molar behind the carnassial; while H. grceca also has four lower premolars. Still more generalised is the Lychycenine group, comprising H. macrostoma of India and H. chceretis of the Pikermi beds ; in these forms the muzzle was longer, and the premolars much more compressed than in the existing species, thus making a very decided app
. An introduction to the study of mammals living and extinct. Mammals. 544 CARNIVORA tine group, as represented by the Indian H. sivalensis and the Grecian H. graca, connects H. striata with Palhycena. Both are characterised by the presence of a small second lower molar behind the carnassial; while H. grceca also has four lower premolars. Still more generalised is the Lychycenine group, comprising H. macrostoma of India and H. chceretis of the Pikermi beds ; in these forms the muzzle was longer, and the premolars much more compressed than in the existing species, thus making a very decided approach to the ViverridcB. There were four lower premolars ; the lower carnassial had an inner cusp, and it is probable that there was a second lower molar; while the first upper molar was placed partially behind the. Fig. 24S.—Outer view of part of the right ramus of the mandible of Hymna colvini, showing the third and fourth premolars and the carnassial. (From the Pcdaiontologia Indica.) carnassial. The Lower Pliocene Palhycena hi^parionum, in which the dental formula is i |, c i, ^ f, m |, is a smaller form with long jaws and compressed premolars which approaches so closely to the Viverroid genus Iditherium as to show pretty clearly how the Hyaenas have been gradually modified from that stock. Section Cynoidea. Family Canid^. This section contains the single family of the Canidce-, or Dog- like animals, which appear to hold an intermediate position between the other two sections, retaining also many of the more generalised characters of the ancient members of the order. The structure of the auditory bulla and adjacent parts of the bones of the skull is intermediate between that of the ^luroid and Arctoid forms. In the number and arrangement of the teeth they more nearly approach the primitive heterodont type than any other existing Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colorati
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