. The American journal of science and arts . s horizontal position remains undisturbed, no rising * Compt. Rend. 183 No. 24, p. 575, and t. ii, No. 20, p. 583. Natural History of Volcanos and Earthquakes. 57 springs can be supposed to exist in the whole of this district, andthe inhabitants of such mountains could only supply their wantof water by wells (Senkbrunnen.) We will now suppose, thatat two points of this district, volcanic masses are thrown up, andthat, in consequence, a partial elevation of the strata takes place,as is shown in the diagram, fig. 1. In this case, the hydrographicrelat
. The American journal of science and arts . s horizontal position remains undisturbed, no rising * Compt. Rend. 183 No. 24, p. 575, and t. ii, No. 20, p. 583. Natural History of Volcanos and Earthquakes. 57 springs can be supposed to exist in the whole of this district, andthe inhabitants of such mountains could only supply their wantof water by wells (Senkbrunnen.) We will now suppose, thatat two points of this district, volcanic masses are thrown up, andthat, in consequence, a partial elevation of the strata takes place,as is shown in the diagram, fig. 1. In this case, the hydrographicrelations undergo considerable alterations. The consequencewill be not only a movement of the water on the imperviousstratum, in the direction of its inclination, but meteoric waterwill also penetrate at A between the older strata, where, duringtheir undisturbed horizontal position, not a drop of water couldpenetrate, and this water will continue to flow in the direction ofthe inclination of the elevated strata.* At B, where these strata Fig. are also elevated, but to a lower level, springs will commence ris-ing ; and as many of such springs may be supposed to exist in adistrict, as there are alternations of impervious and pervious stratain these mountains. The most copious springs, however, will befound between the mass that has been broken through, and theoldest formation of the stratified mountain, because here, in con-sequence of the contraction of the former mass during its cooling,a cleft has been formed, which receives the meteoric water flow-ing down on that side of the elevated mountain C, which liesnext to the raised strata. The meteoric water which flows downthrough the newest fissured stratum, will now as little give ori-gin to rising springs as during its earlier horizontal position. If,now, after the period of this elevation, a stratum of a new forma-tion should occur, coverino; the extremities of the older raised * The same holds good with regard to the springs of
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