. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. THE BUMBLE BEES OFTHE KASHMIR HIMALAYA 19 Altitude in feet (metres): '^^'^^S 13500(4115) 13000(3962) ⢠⢠â â â â² â² 12500 (3810) 12000 (3658) 11500(3505) 11000(3353) e u â 10500 (3200) Subalpine ââ.â> ⢠⢠/ ⢠⢠* â â â â â â â â ⢠⢠⢠10000 (3048) 9500(2896) upper forest 9000(^743) - Gulmarg meadow .,..,.â,, _ « ⢠0 â â '0 â â â 0-^ 0 0 â <3- ââ¢â,â¢, â â - -â âM 8500 (2591) ^ 8000 (2438) ⦠r 7500 (2286) ^ Lower forest -jnnnnr^j^ ⢠^ /OOO (2134) _ ^'"'''' 6500(1981) ⢠⢠⢠FEMALES Alpine Subalpine Upper f
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. THE BUMBLE BEES OFTHE KASHMIR HIMALAYA 19 Altitude in feet (metres): '^^'^^S 13500(4115) 13000(3962) ⢠⢠â â â â² â² 12500 (3810) 12000 (3658) 11500(3505) 11000(3353) e u â 10500 (3200) Subalpine ââ.â> ⢠⢠/ ⢠⢠* â â â â â â â â ⢠⢠⢠10000 (3048) 9500(2896) upper forest 9000(^743) - Gulmarg meadow .,..,.â,, _ « ⢠0 â â '0 â â â 0-^ 0 0 â <3- ââ¢â,â¢, â â - -â âM 8500 (2591) ^ 8000 (2438) ⦠r 7500 (2286) ^ Lower forest -jnnnnr^j^ ⢠^ /OOO (2134) _ ^'"'''' 6500(1981) ⢠⢠⢠FEMALES Alpine Subalpine Upper forest Gulmarg meadow Lower forest Terraces 13500 (4115 13000 (3962 12500 (3810 12000 (3658 11500 (3505 11000(3353 10500 (3200 10000 (3048 9500 (2896 9000 (2743 8500 (2591 8000 (2438 7500 (2286 7000 (2134 6500(1981. ⢠Patrolling males, same colour pattern as females O Patrolling males, pubescence predominantly yellow A Foraging females â² Cruising males â Territorial males -^ Racing males Fig. 6 Distribution of mate-searching males (above) and foraging females (below) of the social bumble bees ( excluding species of the subgenus Psithyrus) with altitude on Mt Apharwat in the Pir Panjal Range around Gulmarg. Altitudes are estimated from the 500 ft contours of the 1 : 63,360 British Survey of India Map (Oxford University Library). Records are combined from transects made during July, August and September 1985. For a description of the vegetation in each habitat zone, see the discussion of distribution of the fauna with altitude. been individually labelled, using the plastic tags that were developed for use with queen honey bees (52 male bumble bees were labelled in the vicinity of the 30 m hill in 1985; 108 males labelled in the same area in 1986). Numbered tags are ideal for the many perching males, which can be approached for their tags to be read, but plain discs of different colours are all that can
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