Japan: A group of Dutch traders dining at Dejima Island, Nagasaki. Philip Franz Von Siebold (17 February 1796 - 18 October 1866) seated centre, with his mistress, Kusomoto Taki (Sonogi), holding a cat. Painting, c. 1825. Philipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold was a German physician and traveller. He was the first European to teach Western medicine in Japan. He obtained recognition for his study of Japanese flora and fauna. He arrived at Dejima Island in 1823 and stayed in Japan until 1829 when he was expelled for obtaining maps of parts of the country, and act forbidden by the ruling government.
Dejima (literally 'exit island'; Dutch: Desjima or Deshima, sometimes latinised as Decima or Dezima) was a small fan-shaped artificial island built in the bay of Nagasaki in 1634. This island, which was formed by digging a canal through a small peninsula, remained as the single place of direct trade and exchange between Japan and the outside world during the Edo period. Dejima was built to constrain foreign traders as part of the 'sakoku' self-imposed isolationist policy. Originally built to house Portuguese traders, it changed to a Chinese and Dutch trading post from 1641 until 1853. Covering an area of 120 m x 75 m (9000 square meters, or hectares) it later became integrated into the city. 'Dejima Dutch Trading Post' has been designated a Japanese national historic site.
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