. Journal. than of watercan be vaporised by the combustion of lib. of astatki,the heating effect of the liquid burned «mdcr the twoconditions described, as compared with coal being,therefore, as follows :— Practical evaporation per lit), of fuel in a steam boiler atNobels works. Coal 7 to 8 lbs. Astatki steam sprayed - ?• Astatki borned with Nobels system of troughs 141 ,. The most remarkable results have, however, beenobtained in the use of Nobels trough burner formi tallurgical purposes. In a furnace at Mr. Nobels engil ring works at St. Petersburg 1 saw wrought iron reduced to a sta
. Journal. than of watercan be vaporised by the combustion of lib. of astatki,the heating effect of the liquid burned «mdcr the twoconditions described, as compared with coal being,therefore, as follows :— Practical evaporation per lit), of fuel in a steam boiler atNobels works. Coal 7 to 8 lbs. Astatki steam sprayed - ?• Astatki borned with Nobels system of troughs 141 ,. The most remarkable results have, however, beenobtained in the use of Nobels trough burner formi tallurgical purposes. In a furnace at Mr. Nobels engil ring works at St. Petersburg 1 saw wrought iron reduced to a state of fusion, aial horseshoes,spanners, toothed wheels and other articles iiron can thus be easily and cheaply produced by cast-ing in moulds. I have on the table specimens oi thiskind of iron work, notably a spanner, which has beenbent double under a hammer without shoving anyFracture These results Have been obtained DIAGRAMS TO ILLUSTRATE PAPER ON RUSSIAN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY BY MR. BOVERTON THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. without any heating of the air supply ; and there ranbe no doubt that if the air required for the combustionof the fuel were previously brought in contact withheated surfaces, much higher temperatures might becommanded. The difficulty of finding sufficientlyintractable materials for the furnaces has, however, hitherto stood in the wa\ of king expi i?ininii in this direction. Liquid fuel is thus practically appliedfor the fusion of iron and brass in Baku; and it isthat old scrap iron may, in this way, be C inverted into a valuable soft grey pig iron. The employ-ment of astatki for metallurgical operations is largelyextending,aud the freedomot the fuel fromphosphorusand sulphur gives it a great advantage. The cost ofastatki at Baku is about 2s. (id. per ton, and it e m liedelivered at Tsaritsin, on the Volga, at about 8s. perton. It is now much used in Moscow, and in Localitiesas in distant as Stockholm and Teheran,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectchemist, bookyear1882
