. Cirtus fruits under irragation. Citrus fruits; Fruit-culture. Fig. 37 storage, but usually it is not considered to be a serious trouble. Fortunately it usually develops only on weak fruits that have been injured or are overripe and is sometimes found on fruits that have been only slightly injured by frost. This is the same fungus that may cause one of the forms of lemon gummosis. 53. Black Rot.—Occasionally in seasons of heavy early rainfall a disease known as black rot, or navel rot, becomes rather abundant, but usually the trouble is not serious. It is navel oranges that are affected; they
. Cirtus fruits under irragation. Citrus fruits; Fruit-culture. Fig. 37 storage, but usually it is not considered to be a serious trouble. Fortunately it usually develops only on weak fruits that have been injured or are overripe and is sometimes found on fruits that have been only slightly injured by frost. This is the same fungus that may cause one of the forms of lemon gummosis. 53. Black Rot.—Occasionally in seasons of heavy early rainfall a disease known as black rot, or navel rot, becomes rather abundant, but usually the trouble is not serious. It is navel oranges that are affected; they color prematurely in §25 CITRUS FRUITS UNDER IRRIGATION 43 the fall, and there develops a dry black rot in the tissues at the navel end. The rot does not spread very rapidly and often remains confined to one section of the orange. Fig. 38 illus* trates an orange affected with black rot. The loss is usually not very great, rarely exceeding 5 per cent, of the crop. 54. Red Rot.—Red rot is a disease that is frequently found on lemons in the curing house. The rind of the lemon becomes a bronze, rusty color and gradually dries, leaving a sunken area on the fruit. The sunken area is dark red in color or sometimes black. The true cause of the disease is unknown, but it is thought by some to be associated with slight sun burning and by others to be due to a weakness of the fruit caused by an improper condition of growth at the time the fruit is Fig. 38 55. Puffing.—Some years oranges are afTectcd by a puffing of the rind of the fruit. The surface becomes rough and un- even, the skin is spongy, and the whole orange is soft, structureless, and unnaturally sweet. The trouble varies in different years, and is thought to be due to unfavorable moisture conditions. 56. Splitting^.—Citrus fruit, especially oranges, some- times crack and split while hanging on the tree before becoming mature. This is apparently caused by seasonal conditions that produce irregular growth. Thi
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