. The Philosophical magazine; a journal of theoretical, experimental and applied physics . lead of various strengths. Table XLIY. Temperature Nitre Nitrate of of beginning Nature of body per cent. lead per cent. of solidifica-tion. separating. 100 0 320° Nitre. 90 10 300 80 20 2-5 70 30 268 60 40 246 5314 46-86 207 Eutectic alloy. 50 50 210 Nitrate of lead. 40 60 238 30 70 335 (?) It is of course necessary to heat the mixed powders, in eachcase, beyond the temperature which proves to be the initialsolidifying point of the mixed mass. On heating the columnof powder it is noticed first to shrink
. The Philosophical magazine; a journal of theoretical, experimental and applied physics . lead of various strengths. Table XLIY. Temperature Nitre Nitrate of of beginning Nature of body per cent. lead per cent. of solidifica-tion. separating. 100 0 320° Nitre. 90 10 300 80 20 2-5 70 30 268 60 40 246 5314 46-86 207 Eutectic alloy. 50 50 210 Nitrate of lead. 40 60 238 30 70 335 (?) It is of course necessary to heat the mixed powders, in eachcase, beyond the temperature which proves to be the initialsolidifying point of the mixed mass. On heating the columnof powder it is noticed first to shrink and cake together toabout a quarter of its former volume, reminding one of thebaking of clays. Indeed all phenomena of so-called incipientfusion of compound bodies (the pasty state) may be due towhat takes place here, namely the formation of an eutectic alloy. The decomposition of both terms of this alloy, at tempera- 476 Frederick Guthrie on Eutexia. tare- not Very much higher than 3t20°, puts a limit to thetracing () this curve farther, bul Its general asped is (juite 0° or 3J0C. like thai of the salt-solution (water) curves below zero, ofwhich so many examples have been given in previous memoirs. Frederick Guthrie on Eutexia. 477 Mixtures consisting of 20 per cent, nitre and 80 per cent,nitrate of lead, and even 10 per cent, nitre and 90 per of lead, fuse together into clear liquids without decom-position, but I have not determined the melting-points. At ahigher temperature the red peroxide of nitrogen is evolved,but I do not know whether it is or is not accompanied byoxygen. In the figure curve (1) shosvs the solidification-temperaturesof mixtures of nitrate of lead and fused ice (§ 152), and curve(2) shows the solidification-temperatures of mixtures of nitrateof lead and fused nitre. The abscissae are on the same scale(1 millim. to 1 per cent, of lead salt). The oz*dinates are in(2) 1 millim. to 1° C. ; in curve (1) 1 millim. to 0°l. Thecurve (2) is fet
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