. A history of the United States. er were on the Columbia River inOregon. Trail Makers. — In America land-seeking never followed the trail of the Indian and the trapper,and carried civilization into Arkansas, Missouri, and the Rocky Mountains, fur traders from St. Louis were theadvance guard. As a century earlier such men had madetheir way through the Alleghanies into Ohio and Kentucky,they now marked out trails across the prairies and found thepasses through the Rocky Mountain barrier. The OregonTrail followed the Missouri and the Platte Rivers, across the 350 RELATION
. A history of the United States. er were on the Columbia River inOregon. Trail Makers. — In America land-seeking never followed the trail of the Indian and the trapper,and carried civilization into Arkansas, Missouri, and the Rocky Mountains, fur traders from St. Louis were theadvance guard. As a century earlier such men had madetheir way through the Alleghanies into Ohio and Kentucky,they now marked out trails across the prairies and found thepasses through the Rocky Mountain barrier. The OregonTrail followed the Missouri and the Platte Rivers, across the 350 RELATIONS WITH NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES mountains at South Pass into Oregon. At WestportLanding on the Missouri River, now Kansas City, a trailstarted which extended 700 miles across the prairies toSante Fe. A third, the CaUfornia Trail, branched fromthe Oregon Trail. On the Oregon TraiL — The boldest pioneers in the UnitedStates followed the Oregon Trail to Oregon. Missionariesto the Indians entered soon after the trappers and traders,. The Principal Western Trails and then settlers entered. Many men went out of pure loveof adventure, as one quaintly said, Because the thingwasnt fenced and nobody dared to keep em out. Forwhatever reason they migrated to Oregon, they were mak-ing it real American soil more rapidly than the Hudson BayCompany was making it English. For protection against the Indians the emigrants journeyedin caravans. Each family traveled with its household goodsin a large canvas-covered wagon, called a prairie schooner,much like the Conestoga wagon of the earher horses were taken for use on the way, and cattle forstock in the new country. Each man had his duties as scout,hunter, or watchman for the party. The caravan campedat night where water and grazing land could be found, with AMERICANS SETTLE OREGON 351
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