. Efficient railway operation . stations. To stopa train at other points, a red flag or red light wiU be used. VIII. Railroad Wae-Bpficienct In a report to the Railroad War Board, made in July, 1917, roads representing51 per cent, of the total mileage in the United States were shown to have addedin one month more than 3,000,000,000 ton-miles to the mileage of the correspondingmonth in 1916, by better movements and by heavier loading. This was an increaseof 10 per cent., and was equivalent to adding 126,000 cars to the total equipment, or35,000 miles to the reported line-mileage. In one freight
. Efficient railway operation . stations. To stopa train at other points, a red flag or red light wiU be used. VIII. Railroad Wae-Bpficienct In a report to the Railroad War Board, made in July, 1917, roads representing51 per cent, of the total mileage in the United States were shown to have addedin one month more than 3,000,000,000 ton-miles to the mileage of the correspondingmonth in 1916, by better movements and by heavier loading. This was an increaseof 10 per cent., and was equivalent to adding 126,000 cars to the total equipment, or35,000 miles to the reported line-mileage. In one freight-yard, the first ten cars inspected were found to be loaded to but47 per cent, of their capacity, as follows : Cab Capacitt — Lb. Load — Lb. 1 80,000 10,780 2 110,000 78,600 3 60,000 24,800 4 100,000 12,880 5 100,000 21,440 6 140,000 110,432 7 140,000 144,900 8 60,000 13,320 9 100,000 16,408 10 50,000 9,775 940,000 443,335 2r 610 APPENDIX VII IX. Draw-bar Pull- as Affected by Speed and GradienibFrom Baldwin Locomotive Works. GRADE PERCENT .7 8 .9 12 1.; X. Grades op Repose for Passenger Trains Locomotive, American Type (4-4-0)-CyUnders, 17 X 24. Cars averaging 25 Tons Each Tbain WeightTons Grade Per Cent, for Velocities in Miles per Hour 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 Locomotive onlywith 2 carswith 4 carswith 8 carswith 12 oarswith 16 cars 56112 168280392504 ■ The grade of repose is the grade equivalent to the addition which the train-resistance makes to the actual plus or minus actual grade-resistance, either ascend-ing or descending the grade. Railway Location, p. 579. Example: By reducing the speed of a passenger train of four cars from 30 to 20miles an hour, there is a virtual difference in gradient of per cent. — percent. = per cent. By this reduction in speed, a train that at a spe
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