. The Canadian field-naturalist. 332 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 94 Table I â Mean ± se for weights and selected body measurements of Woodland Caribou captured from March 1976 to November 1977 on the Birch Mountain Study Area Age and sex" (N) Weight , kg Total length, cm Chest girth, cm Neck, girth, cm Head length, cm Adult bull (17) Young bull (6) Adult cow (7) Young cow (3) Calf cow (3) 190 ± 219± 145 ± 197 ± 136 196+ No data 198 ± No data 184 ± 154 ± 141 ± 141 ± 137 ± 122 ± 77 ± 67 ± 62 ± 55 ± 53 ± 51 Â
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 332 The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 94 Table I â Mean ± se for weights and selected body measurements of Woodland Caribou captured from March 1976 to November 1977 on the Birch Mountain Study Area Age and sex" (N) Weight , kg Total length, cm Chest girth, cm Neck, girth, cm Head length, cm Adult bull (17) Young bull (6) Adult cow (7) Young cow (3) Calf cow (3) 190 ± 219± 145 ± 197 ± 136 196+ No data 198 ± No data 184 ± 154 ± 141 ± 141 ± 137 ± 122 ± 77 ± 67 ± 62 ± 55 ± 53 ± 51 ± 46+ 44 ± 43 ± 38 ± "Adult, > yr; young, yr; calf, < yr. Ages determined from tooth-cemetum annuli. ''Weights were determined for only three adult bulls, four young bulls, and one adult cow. averaged about twice as long (Figure 1). Only cows with antlers < 30 cm could be distinguished from young bulls. Two of three female calves had antler spikes measuring 8-10 cm. Antler shape and form was not consistently different between cows and young bulls either (Figure 2). The annual cycle of antler growth and shedding among our radiocoUared Caribou was similar to that described by Bergerud (1976). Antler growth among bulls 3-8 yr old began in late March, and was some- what later among older and younger bulls. In July, antlers were large and in full velvet; most were free of velvet by mid-August before the rut. Time of antler drop was related to age; the oldest bulls began in early November but some young ones carried antlers until mid-April (Figure 3). We first observed antler growth on cows in early July. Four radiocoUared cows retained antlers until they calved in May; a 3-yr-old lost her antlers in late April and calved in early June. 1 lU ⢠90 - BULLS ⢠â¢l ⢠70 - - ⢠⢠⢠o o 50 ; ⢠⢠⢠o o o 30 : o o O o o cows o 10 -8 i 1 1 1 1 1 â 1 1 1^ 5-5 7L AGE(yr) 9
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