Horticulture, a text book for high schools and normals, including plant propagation; . icking are aided bythis plan. not pile the bunches more than one or two layers deep in the pickingtray. Remove the bunches with a sharp thumb nail or a pair ofscissors. Handle the fruit as gently and as little as possible. A little study and experience will teach the picker just whento do the picking. Some varieties need to be picked as soon as 246 GRAPES they are well colored. Others are much improved by remainingon the vines longer. Marketing the Surplus.—Grapes are usually marketed in rigidClimax baskets
Horticulture, a text book for high schools and normals, including plant propagation; . icking are aided bythis plan. not pile the bunches more than one or two layers deep in the pickingtray. Remove the bunches with a sharp thumb nail or a pair ofscissors. Handle the fruit as gently and as little as possible. A little study and experience will teach the picker just whento do the picking. Some varieties need to be picked as soon as 246 GRAPES they are well colored. Others are much improved by remainingon the vines longer. Marketing the Surplus.—Grapes are usually marketed in rigidClimax baskets with wooden covers. These are of several sizes,holding from three to ten pounds. In this form they are oftenshipped by express or in refrigerator cars long distances. If wellprotected and reasonably well handled, they may reach the con-sumer in. first class condition and will usually not deterioratebefore they have had ample time for consumption. Insect Enemies of Grapes.—There are a number of insectswhich attack grapes. The chief enemies are discussed here. Fig. 172. Fig. Fig. 172.—Pruning by the vertical cordon system. Vines about three years old mayhave trunks three feet high with spurs at intervals up the sides. (California Station.)Fig. 173.—Starting a double crown on a five year old vine. Finally, it will have two full units on each side if the lower arms are not weakened and fail to produce wood. (California Station.) The grape leaf-hopper is perhaps one of the most common ene-mies of the grape. These are sometimes called thrips. Theyfeed chiefly on the under side of the leaves and suck the juice fromthem. Perhaps the best remedy is to thoroughly clean up thevineyard by plowing under in early spring all the leaves that havefallen. Hopper cages are sometimes used successfully where vinesare not trellised. Resin sprays are sometimes used with nozzleswhich will strike the under side of the leaves. The grape leaf-folder occurs throughout the United States. Itsd
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectgardeni, bookyear1922
