. Special pathology and therapeutics of the diseases of domestic animals. Veterinary medicine. X14 Buffalo Disease. is increased by the fact that it may be transmitted to hogs, among which it may also cause considerable loss. In Italy the infection is especially widespread in the districts of Salerno, Rome and Terra di Livorno. In Hungary the disease occurs almost exclusively in the southeastern counties (in 1908, 98 buffaloes were affected in 56 townships, and 95 of them died; considerably ,less than in former years). In Kussia, Egypt, East and West Indies, and Indo-China the disease frequent
. Special pathology and therapeutics of the diseases of domestic animals. Veterinary medicine. X14 Buffalo Disease. is increased by the fact that it may be transmitted to hogs, among which it may also cause considerable loss. In Italy the infection is especially widespread in the districts of Salerno, Rome and Terra di Livorno. In Hungary the disease occurs almost exclusively in the southeastern counties (in 1908, 98 buffaloes were affected in 56 townships, and 95 of them died; considerably ,less than in former years). In Kussia, Egypt, East and West Indies, and Indo-China the disease frequently occurs in enzootic form. The dangerous character of the disease is readily recognized by the following data: In Italy, in a herd of 1,400 buffaloes, 200 died in the year 1882 within ten days; in another herd of 1,300 buffaloes, 530 succumbed. In one township of the infected districts of Hungary, 52 of 237 buffaloes died within one week; in another, of 663, 89 died within a short time. The losses in the Netherland-West Indies (in Bantam and Batavia alone) amounted, between 1888 and 1891, to 11,000 buffaloes. Etiology. The established cause of the disease, the bacillus (bipolaris) bubalisepticus, appears in all its principal charac- teristics as a variety of the bacillus bipolaris septicus (see page 79). Tenacity. Blood dried in the air loses its infectiveness in 24 hourSi On the other hand, when kept in closed glass tubes at room temperature its virulence is lost in 40 days. Carbolic acid (2%), sulphuric acid (5%), and alcohol (87%) render equal quantities of blood harmless (Oreste & Armanni, Sanfelice). Pathogenicity. According to the investigations of Ratz, rabbits are most susceptible to artificial infec- tions; somewhat less susceptible are the guinea pig, the mouse and the pigeon; to a still lesser degree, chickens, while the dog and duck are not at all susceptible. Of the large animals the horse succumbs to sub- cutaneous infection in an average of 20 hours, cattle
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