Horace Benedict de Saussure, Swiss physicist and geologist. De Saussure is best known for his pioneering research (1779-1796) on the mineralogy, geolo

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Horace Benedict de Saussure, Swiss physicist and geologist. De Saussure is best known for his pioneering research (1779-1796) on the mineralogy, geology, botany and meteorology of the Alps, which was published in Voyages dans les Alpes. This created considerable interest in scientific exploration and tourism of the area. Saussure understood that the curved strata was laid down as horizontal sheets and subsequently formed into massive folds due to horizontal disturbance. He hypothesised that this was either due to folding of the original horizontal beds or that the cause came from below the strata. The mineral saussurite is named after him.

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