Diseases of poultry; their etiology, Diseases of poultry; their etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention diseasesofpoultr01pear Year: 1915 External Parasites 231 The fleas are provided with very sharp piercing mouths. They are what are termed 'partial parasites'—parasites that only go to their hosts to feed. The fleas are not noticed on the birds because they generally attack them at night; then, however, they do much harm, causing constant irri- tation and loss of blood, and depriving them of rest. 'Life-history of lien Flea. — The female flea lays her eggs (nits) chiefly in the nests
Diseases of poultry; their etiology, Diseases of poultry; their etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention diseasesofpoultr01pear Year: 1915 External Parasites 231 The fleas are provided with very sharp piercing mouths. They are what are termed 'partial parasites'—parasites that only go to their hosts to feed. The fleas are not noticed on the birds because they generally attack them at night; then, however, they do much harm, causing constant irri- tation and loss of blood, and depriving them of rest. 'Life-history of lien Flea. — The female flea lays her eggs (nits) chiefly in the nests amongst dust and dirt and in the crevices of the walls and floor. These nits give rise to pearly white maggots, with brown horny heads, which can often be found in the bottom of the nests amongst the dust. These larvae are mature in 2 or 3 weeks, then they reach about q of an inch in length. In warm weather they may be full fed in even 10 days. They then spin a pale cocoon amongst the dirt, in which they pupate. The pupa is at first pale brown, then dark chestnut brown. In this condition the flea remains 10 to 21 days, when the pupa hatches into the adult. They breed all the year round, but chiefly in warm weather. It is well to remember that, whenever there are dark and dirty hen roosts, there are sure to be a number of Pulex gaUincB.'' Treatment. — These parasites do not usually occur under sanitary housing conditions. When they occur the houses should be cleaned and sprayed as for red mites (p. 215). Fig. 51. — The chicken flea, Pulex gallinae or avium. The mark above the head in- dicates the actual size. (After Kaupp.)
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