History of the Alleghany Evangelical Lutheran synod of Pennsylvania, together with a topical handbook of the Evangelical Lutheran church, its ancestry, origin and development . nned; dead, he was not to receive the rites of burial. If aking, his subjects need not obey him. The Interdict appliedto a city or province. In them, no bells could be rung, no mar-riages performed, no funerals held; only baptism and extremeunction were allowed. These were might) weapons. Tile Banbroughl Henry IV to Canossa, January 24, 1077. The armiesof Pope Alexander III forced Frederick Barbarossa to kneebefore him
History of the Alleghany Evangelical Lutheran synod of Pennsylvania, together with a topical handbook of the Evangelical Lutheran church, its ancestry, origin and development . nned; dead, he was not to receive the rites of burial. If aking, his subjects need not obey him. The Interdict appliedto a city or province. In them, no bells could be rung, no mar-riages performed, no funerals held; only baptism and extremeunction were allowed. These were might) weapons. Tile Banbroughl Henry IV to Canossa, January 24, 1077. The armiesof Pope Alexander III forced Frederick Barbarossa to kneebefore him at Venice, 1177; while in 1250, Frederick 11. thewonder of the world. also under the ban, and his armies de-feated by Pope Innocent IV, succumbed to his misfortunes, 45 CATHOLIC CHURCH OF THE WESTERN EMPIRE The Crusades. The longing to visit the localities madesacred by the earthly life of the Saviour caused pilgrims as earlyas the third century to journey to Palestine, to gaze upon Olivet,the first shrine; Bethlehem, where part of the original church,dating from 330, still stands; Jerusalem, Joppa and elsewhere,sites fixed upon by Empress Helena, mother of Constantine,. REV. E. B. BOYER AT THE DOORWAY TO THE ORIGINAL CHURCH OF THE NATIVITY, BETHLEHEM, BEGUN BY CONSTANTINE, 33O The original doorway was narrowed and lowered by the Crusaders to keep out thehorses of their conquerors. Photo by author after her acceptance of Christianity. Although Jerusalem wastaken by the Mohammedan Arabs under Caliph Omar, 638,because of the money the Christian pilgrims brought, they wereseldom mistreated. In the tenth century, admittance fees were46 THE charged. Then later, the Turks, zealous Mohammedans, havingcaptured Jerusalem, the Christians were persecuted, and someof the churches changed into stahles or entirely destroyed. The desire to secure these places from these infidel handsappealed to the spirit of adventure still alive in the breasts ofthe Franks and Teutons. Though Pope
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