. Electric railway journal . s best to discard the first dayscount. When this count reaches the office, the delin-quents are reinstructed, and usually the second andthird days cards are found in good shape. Experience shows that the conductors counts are asaccurate as those taken by paid outsiders. The difficultywith outside workers is that the observer must havesome training, while an experienced conductor can tellinstantly and instinctively how many passengers are inhis car without one-by-one counting. Within the downtown section or in heavy traffic dis-tricts, the count should be taken abou
. Electric railway journal . s best to discard the first dayscount. When this count reaches the office, the delin-quents are reinstructed, and usually the second andthird days cards are found in good shape. Experience shows that the conductors counts are asaccurate as those taken by paid outsiders. The difficultywith outside workers is that the observer must havesome training, while an experienced conductor can tellinstantly and instinctively how many passengers are inhis car without one-by-one counting. Within the downtown section or in heavy traffic dis-tricts, the count should be taken about every 1200 or1500 ft., and in the outer sections about every 2000 or3000 ft. On a line 5 miles long the data on ten or twelvechecking points will show at a glance the extent of over-loading or underloading of the cars, and consequentlythe changes desirable in the number and capacity ofcars routed to each point. The form on pages 28 and 29shows the distribution of data as tabulated from thecards turned in by the Uncle Sam appreciates the need for electric railways. They arein the first ranks in the allotment of coal. January 5, 1918 ELECTRIC RAILWAY JOURNAL 13 Determining the Size of CarNecessary From the Turn-back Records It Is Possible to GetMaximum, Minimum and Average Car LoadingsHour by Hour and to Check Them Against SeatingCapacity THE data from the turn-back studies may be usedfor chief aid in determining another importantmatter: The best size of do this we must develop loading graphs which willshow at each checking point the maximum and mini-mum number of passengers on all cars at hourly inter-vals throughout the day, the two classes of loadinggraph being contrasted with the straight line whichrepresents the seating capacity and with the derivedgraph of average loading. It is this average loadingwhich should determine the size of the car best suitedfor the line. For instance, an examination of the upper graphsin Fig. 14 shows that the car should be
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