. The book of similitudes: . ofecclesiastics, in token that they were the servants,or serfs, of God. As early as 588, John, named the Faster ofConstantinople, assumed the title of UniversalBishop, and the title was confirmed by a councilthen in session in that city. The successor of Johnassumed the same title. Gregory the Great, cotem-poraneous with the successor of John, took offenceat the boldness of the bishop of Constantinoplein assuming a title which, in point of precedence,properly belonged to the bishop of Rome. Gregory died in the year 604, and was succeededby Boniface III. This latter
. The book of similitudes: . ofecclesiastics, in token that they were the servants,or serfs, of God. As early as 588, John, named the Faster ofConstantinople, assumed the title of UniversalBishop, and the title was confirmed by a councilthen in session in that city. The successor of Johnassumed the same title. Gregory the Great, cotem-poraneous with the successor of John, took offenceat the boldness of the bishop of Constantinoplein assuming a title which, in point of precedence,properly belonged to the bishop of Rome. Gregory died in the year 604, and was succeededby Boniface III. This latter prelate had noscruples in accepting the title, but rather soughtit from the Emperor Phocas, with the privilegeof transmitting it to his successors. The profligateemperor, to gratify the ambition of this courtsycophant, deprived the bishop of Constantinople ofthe title and conferred it on Boniface, at the sametime declaring that the church of Home to be thehead of all others. 352 MODERN HISTORY. A. D. 700 to A. I>. § EIGHTH CENTURY. This century is distinguished by the prevalence of Mohammed-anism. The Saracens, or Mohammedans, having overrun Asia,conquered the Northern tribes of Africa, and trampled uponChristianity. Tliey extended their conquests into of France subdues and compels several nations toembrace Christianity. Irene, empress of the East, establishesimage worship. In the year 712, Mohammeds successors, theArabs, seized upon the whole coast of Africa, land-ed a large army in Spain, and became sole mastersof that kingdom. They, however, granted theChristians the privilege of retaining their religion,and a few of the Goths escaped to the mountains MODEEN HISTORY. 353 of Asturia and Biscay, to preserve their religiousfaith and kingdom. The worship of images was very prevalentthroughout the East, and the emperor Leo causedthem to he taken out of the churches, and forbadethe use of them, whereupon Gregory II., Pope ofRome, forbade the people to pa
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