. Water & sewage works . clared uncon-stitutional. Richmond, Norfolk, and Ash-land, Va., Winston-Salem, N. C, andGreenville, S. C, have ordinances exclud-ing colored people from certain streetsor blocks. Atlanta has a voluntaryagreement. There is little trouble in northerncities, altho sentiment and clannish feel-ing tend to restrict the colored popula-tion to certain rather loosely defineddistricts or to the alleys, and there is Note that the rates of labor are as fol-lows per day of 8 hours: Assistant foreman $ Granite block cutters Granite block pavers Laborers, unskilled


. Water & sewage works . clared uncon-stitutional. Richmond, Norfolk, and Ash-land, Va., Winston-Salem, N. C, andGreenville, S. C, have ordinances exclud-ing colored people from certain streetsor blocks. Atlanta has a voluntaryagreement. There is little trouble in northerncities, altho sentiment and clannish feel-ing tend to restrict the colored popula-tion to certain rather loosely defineddistricts or to the alleys, and there is Note that the rates of labor are as fol-lows per day of 8 hours: Assistant foreman $ Granite block cutters Granite block pavers Laborers, unskilled Teams, wagon and driver Horse, wagon and driver The above paving work was laid onLower State street, at the west approachto the Erie Canal bridge, one-half, orabout 100 square yards, at a time, andunder trying traffic conditions that madeit more expensive than It otherwisewould have been. This work was done by direct cityemployment. C. A. Mullen. Superintendent of Public Works,Schenectady, N. Y. November, 1913. ROADS AND PAVEMENTS Development and Maintenance of Highways in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania By John 8. Gillespie. Road Commission-er, Pittsbiir(}. before the AmericanHiyhway Association. The surface of Allegheny county, Pa.,is undulating and near the large streamshilly. The lands are fertile and makeexcellent farms. The great wealth ofthe county lies in its immense mineralresources. Bituminous coal of the finestquality abounds, varying in thicknessfrom 51/2 to S/i feet. It is so situatedthat all its main roads lead to Pitts-burg which is in the center. These mainroads lead to the outer borders of thecounty, connecting up with Butler, NewCastle, Washington, Freeport, etc., withmany cross connections. In fact its feat-ures resemble a wheel, Pittsburg beingthe hub. Good roads evidently were given care-ful consideration in years gone by, asshown by data on old turn pikes andtoll roads, which were largely plankedroads, having a plank roadway 8 feet inwidth with a


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectsewerage, bookyear191