Carpenter's principles of human physiology . atherthat they are in part preformed in the Blood, so quickly is their eliminationfrom the body effected. It is remarkable that, notwithstanding the com-paratively-minute proportion in which the cholesterin and colouring matterexists in ordinary bile, cholesterin should usually be the principal ingredientof the biliary concretions which are frequently found in the gall-bladder andbile-ducts; and that the bile-pigment with choloidinic acid and a calcareousbase should also occasionally accumulate, so as to form solid masses whichconsist of little else
Carpenter's principles of human physiology . atherthat they are in part preformed in the Blood, so quickly is their eliminationfrom the body effected. It is remarkable that, notwithstanding the com-paratively-minute proportion in which the cholesterin and colouring matterexists in ordinary bile, cholesterin should usually be the principal ingredientof the biliary concretions which are frequently found in the gall-bladder andbile-ducts; and that the bile-pigment with choloidinic acid and a calcareousbase should also occasionally accumulate, so as to form solid masses whichconsist of little else. The fresh normal Bile of man, the cow, pig, and dog,exhibits no absorption bands, though these appear in the alcoholic extractwhen the bile has undergone Dr. Daiton,J working with sheepsBile, finds that the spectrum is very short, the light being totally absorbed ata considerable distance from the refrangible end, and that it terminates sud-denly. It presents, as is shown in the accompanying diagram, three absorption- Fig. Spectrum of green bile. bands, one in the red at the situation of the line C, which appears to be dueto the green rather than the red colouring matter of the bile.§ A second,much more faint and less constant in position, situated at the junction of the * The nature of the colouring matters has not heen very accurately determined—forStadeler (1863) isolated five distinct compounds: Bilifulvin, Biliverdin, Bilifuscin, Biliprasin,and Bihhumin; whilst Maly (1864, Bernard, Physiologic Generale, Kevue Scientifique,1873, p. 462) finds only one substance, Cholepyrrhin ; and Dr. Thudichum (1872, ClinicalPhysiology, 1872, p. 18), describes two, Cholophsein or Bilirubin, C9H9N02, and Bilifuscin,C9HnN03. The relationship of these colouring matters to the colouring matter of the Blood,first suggested by Virchow, (Archiv f. Path. Anat., Band i. 1848, p. 421) has heen renderedprobable by the discovery of Zenker ( Jahresbericht von der Gesellsch. f. Natur
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectphysiology, bookyear1
