. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases. Bacteriology; Plant diseases. SOLVENT ACTION OF BACTERIA-DESTRUCTION OF MIDDLE LAMELLA-BACTERIAL SOLUTION OF CELL-WALLS-FERMENTATION OF CELLULOSE- DESTRUCTION OF WOOD. Next to crushing and splitting, due to the rapid multiplication of the bacteria in closed spaces, solution of the middle lamellae uniting cell-walls is probably the most widespread and simple action of bacteria on plant tissues. This is common in a great number of diseases, but it is'not always possible clearly to separate lysis from tension-splittings when the bac- teria are multiplying
. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases. Bacteriology; Plant diseases. SOLVENT ACTION OF BACTERIA-DESTRUCTION OF MIDDLE LAMELLA-BACTERIAL SOLUTION OF CELL-WALLS-FERMENTATION OF CELLULOSE- DESTRUCTION OF WOOD. Next to crushing and splitting, due to the rapid multiplication of the bacteria in closed spaces, solution of the middle lamellae uniting cell-walls is probably the most widespread and simple action of bacteria on plant tissues. This is common in a great number of diseases, but it is'not always possible clearly to separate lysis from tension-splittings when the bac- teria are multiplying rapidly in a given tissue and must have room. An excellent example of the separation of cells by a solvent action on the pectic matters composing the middle layers of the common wall may be seen in various rots of potato-tubers. A few days after an inoculation the tissue softens, and if it is then washed in water the cells float free, their starch content remaining imacted on (fig. 25). Potter asserts this solution to be due, in case of a turnip rot which he studied, to the presence of oxalic acid. The writer found oxalic acid had no solvent action on slices of turnip, but that ammonium oxa- late softened the middle lamellae decidedly. Inasmuch as a part at least of any oxalic acid liberated by any Schizomycete of this type would be converted into ammo- nium oxalate by the evolution of ammonia due to the continued growth of the organism, it is not unlikely that ammonium oxalate is the substance, which in'^some cases, dissolves the middle lamellae. It would seem, however, that ^^" in many cases a specific enzyme, a pectase, must be the solvent body. Vide paper by Spieckermann and papers by Jones. Once or twice in earUer papers the writer has used the word "cellulose" loosely, in the old way, for cell-wall, of which it forms, however, only a part. "When the middle layers of pectic origin have been destroyed there yet remains a wall of cellulose surrounding ea
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