. Cave vertebrates of America; a study in degenerative evolution. Cave animals; Heteropygii. 192 BLIND VERTEBRATES AND THEIR EYES. Cuba and of Indiana seems due to the difference in the thickness of the soil, which, as stated, is extremely thin in this part of Cuba. In the manigua frequent fissures or narrow wells lead down to the groundwater. There are, finally, the so-called "caves" which also lead down to groundwater. As stated above, the caves at Alacranes are of essentially the same character as those of the Carboneria. There are several of these. I have visited three, but obtai
. Cave vertebrates of America; a study in degenerative evolution. Cave animals; Heteropygii. 192 BLIND VERTEBRATES AND THEIR EYES. Cuba and of Indiana seems due to the difference in the thickness of the soil, which, as stated, is extremely thin in this part of Cuba. In the manigua frequent fissures or narrow wells lead down to the groundwater. There are, finally, the so-called "caves" which also lead down to groundwater. As stated above, the caves at Alacranes are of essentially the same character as those of the Carboneria. There are several of these. I have visited three, but obtained fishes from only two, the "M" and Donkey. Into the deeper parts of one of the caves visited, the Pedregales, light does not penetrate; stalactites and stalagmites are clear, tinted rosy, and pure in tone when struck. The usual pool of water did not contain any fish at the time of our visit. An amusing incident occurred at this place. Our guide evidently thought our chief object was to view the marvels of cave formations. When we asked whether there were any caves in the neighborhood with fishes in them, he remarked, "Yes, but the fish don't amount to anything, they haven't any ; The "M" cave consists, first, of the slight depression in the general surface, and second, of the opening at one side of the depression leading down to the water. The slope is here gentle enough for a zigzag path in the shape of the letter " M " and enables cattle to get to the water at a vertical depth of 83 feet- Light penetrates this cave, and indeed the part directly down from the opening is well lighted. The pool. Fig. 68a. _ Diagram of the Kentucky Cave RegioD, after Shaler. .4. Sandstone and limestone showing ordinary topography. B. Sink holes. C Domes below large sink holes. D. Upper line of caverns first formed. E. Lower line of caverns. F. Cavern filled with stalactite. G. Lowest line of caverns filled with water. H. Masses of pebbles. of water
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