. The essentials of botany. Botany. 4 BOTANY. (e) Mount carefully in pure water a piece (3 to 4 centimetres) of one of tlie young " silks" of Indian corn. Tlie movement is well seen in the long cells. Repeat tbe foregoing experiments. (/) The following may be taken also, viz.: the stamen hairs of Spiderwort, the epidermis of Live-for-ever leaf, fresh specimens of the Stoneworts (Chara and Nilella), Eelgrass, etc. 7. The Plant-Cell.—In all commoii plants the protoplasm is found in little masses of definite shapes, each one en" closed in a little box (Fig. 1). The substance of the
. The essentials of botany. Botany. 4 BOTANY. (e) Mount carefully in pure water a piece (3 to 4 centimetres) of one of tlie young " silks" of Indian corn. Tlie movement is well seen in the long cells. Repeat tbe foregoing experiments. (/) The following may be taken also, viz.: the stamen hairs of Spiderwort, the epidermis of Live-for-ever leaf, fresh specimens of the Stoneworts (Chara and Nilella), Eelgrass, etc. 7. The Plant-Cell.—In all commoii plants the protoplasm is found in little masses of definite shapes, each one en" closed in a little box (Fig. 1). The substance of these boxes was made by the protoplasm, somewhat as the snail makes its shell. Each mass of protoplasm with its box is called a Plant-cell, and the sides of the box are called the walls of the cell, or the cell-wall. 8. The cell-wall is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (C^Hj^O^,), and has been named cellulose. At first. Fig. 3.—Longitudinal section of a portion of the stem of Garden Balsam, v, annular vessel; «', a vessel with thickenings which are partly spiral and partly annular; v", v"', v"", several varieties of spiral vessels; v"'", a reticulated vessel. it is very thin, but as the protoplasm grows older it thick- ens its wall by continually adding new material to it, so that at last it may be more than a hundred times as thick as at the beginning. 9. The cell-wall may be thickened uniformly, or, as more frequently happens, some portions may be much more thickened than others. When it is uniform the wall shows. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bessey, Charles E. (Charles Edwin), 1845-1915. New York : H. Holt and company, ;
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