. Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in Gulf of Mexico estuaries / project team, David M. Nelson (editor) ... [et al.]. Fishes Mexico, Gulf Silversides Menidia species Adult. 2 cm (from Bigelow and Schroeder 1953) Common Name: silversides Scientific Name: Menidia species Other Common Names: inland silverside, tidewater silverside, Mississippi silverside, waxen silverside, glassy silverside, glassminnow, hardhead (Bigelow and Schroeder 1953, Massman 1954, Kilby 1955, Springer and Woodburn 1960, Hubbs et al. 1971, Middaugh et al. 1985, Robins et al. 1991). Classification
. Distribution and abundance of fishes and invertebrates in Gulf of Mexico estuaries / project team, David M. Nelson (editor) ... [et al.]. Fishes Mexico, Gulf Silversides Menidia species Adult. 2 cm (from Bigelow and Schroeder 1953) Common Name: silversides Scientific Name: Menidia species Other Common Names: inland silverside, tidewater silverside, Mississippi silverside, waxen silverside, glassy silverside, glassminnow, hardhead (Bigelow and Schroeder 1953, Massman 1954, Kilby 1955, Springer and Woodburn 1960, Hubbs et al. 1971, Middaugh et al. 1985, Robins et al. 1991). Classification (Robins et al. 1991) Phylum: Chordata Class: Osteichthyes Order: Perciformes Family: Atherinidae Two species of Menidia commonly occur in estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico: the inland silverside (M. beryllina), and the tidewater silverside (Menidia peninsulae) (Johnson 1975, Chernoff et al. 1981, Robins et al. 1991). These were not recognized as distinct species until fairly recently (Robins et al. 1980, Chernoff et al. 1981). The formerly recognized inland freshwater species, M. audens, is now considered synonymous with M. beryllina (Lee etal. 1980, Chernoff etal. 1981). Other recognized species in the Gulf of Mexico region include the key silverside (M. conchorum) (Duggins et al. 1977, Robins et al. 1991), and Texas silverside (/W. clarkhubbsi) (Echelle and Mosier 1982, Robins et al. 1991). The Atlantic silverside (M. menidia) is found in estuaries of the east coast (Bigelow and Schroeder 1953, Nelson et al. 1991), but not in the Gulf of Mexico (Lee etal. 1980). Menidia beryllina and M. peninsulae can be distin- guished by the morphology of the rearward extension of the swim bladder (Echelle and Echelle 1997). This structure is long and transparent in M. beryllina, short and opaque in M. peninsulae, and intermediate in M. clarkhubbsi and hybrid individuals. These species can also be distinguished by the distance between the dorsal and anal fins relative to standard length
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