The earth and its inhabitants The earth and its inhabitants .. earthitsinhabita583recl Year: 1883 CHAPTER XII. MATERIAL AND SOCIAL CONDITION OF EUSSIA. HE present population of the Russian Empire is estimated at 95,000,000, of whom 81,000,000 are in Europe, making rather more than one-fourth of the inhabitants of this continent. But as Russia and Finland combined are somewhat more than half the size of ^ Europe, the population is about half as dense as that of other European states. From Poland to the confluence of the Volga and Kama there stretches a densely peopled zone, which may be re
The earth and its inhabitants The earth and its inhabitants .. earthitsinhabita583recl Year: 1883 CHAPTER XII. MATERIAL AND SOCIAL CONDITION OF EUSSIA. HE present population of the Russian Empire is estimated at 95,000,000, of whom 81,000,000 are in Europe, making rather more than one-fourth of the inhabitants of this continent. But as Russia and Finland combined are somewhat more than half the size of ^ Europe, the population is about half as dense as that of other European states. From Poland to the confluence of the Volga and Kama there stretches a densely peopled zone, which may be regarded in this respect as an eastern continuation of the continent. With a mean breadth of 2-1:0 miles, this zone embraces Volhynia, Podolia, the Dnieper basin between Xiev and the rapids, Great Russia from Tver to Yoronej, gradually tapering farther eastwards, and ramifying into two branches, one stretching beyond Kazan, the other reaching the Volga at Saratov. North, south, and east of this zone the population diminishes everywhere in proportion with the severity of the climate, the infertility of the soil, and the shortness of the period of settlement. The rich lands of New Russia, between the Sea of Azov and Ciscaucasia, are still but very thinly peopled, emigrants being largely excluded from these lands by the laws affecting passports and other administrative obstacles. Vital Statistics. In most of the empire the growth of population is very rapid. In 1722, when European Russia was only one-fifth smaller than at present, it contained approxi- mately no more than 14,000,000 inhabitants. Sixty years thereafter the number had doubled, and in 1830 the total had been doubled, while it is now nearly six times greater than at the time of the first valuation. Judging from the rate of progress maintained during the present century, the population is doubled every sixty-five j^ears. The yearly increase by excess of births over deaths is at present more than 1,000,000, whereas
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