A treatise on the theory of solution including the phenomena of electrolysis . side of the middle line, only three are stillpresent on the right. The left-hand side, towards which thefaster ions moved, has lost two combined molecules, whilethe right-hand side, towards which the slower ions travelled,has lost four—just twice as many. Thus we see that the ratioof the masses of salt lost by the two sides is the same as theratio of the velocities of the ions leaving them. Therefore, onthe that no complex ions are present, by analysing 1 Larmor, Aether and Hatter, Cambridge, 1900, p. 29
A treatise on the theory of solution including the phenomena of electrolysis . side of the middle line, only three are stillpresent on the right. The left-hand side, towards which thefaster ions moved, has lost two combined molecules, whilethe right-hand side, towards which the slower ions travelled,has lost four—just twice as many. Thus we see that the ratioof the masses of salt lost by the two sides is the same as theratio of the velocities of the ions leaving them. Therefore, onthe that no complex ions are present, by analysing 1 Larmor, Aether and Hatter, Cambridge, 1900, p. 290. w. s. 14 210 SOLUTION AND ELECTROLYSIS [CH. IX the contents of a solution after a current has passed, we cancalculate the ratio of the velocities of its two ions. A longseries of measurements of this kind has been made by HittorP,Kuschel^ Lenz\ Loeb and Nemst-*, Bein^ Hopfgartner^Kummel,Kistiakowsky* and others, who used various forms of apparatusarranged so as to enable the anode and cathode solutions to beseparately examined after the passage of the current. One such. Fig. 54. apparatus used by Bein is shown in Fig. 54. Hittorf called thephenomenon the migration of the ions, and expressed hisresults in terms of a transport number, or migration constant,which gives the amount of salt taken from the neighbourhood ofone electrode as a fraction of the whole amount that there are no complex ions, it also expresses the ratio of the 1 loc. cit. p. 208. * Wied. Ami. xiii. 289 (1881). 3 J/em. Petersb. Acad. ix. 30 (1882). * physikal. Cliemie, ii. p. 948 (1883). 5 Wied. Ann. xlvi. 29 (1892) aud Zeits. phys. Chem. xxvii. 1 (1898).« Zeits. phys. Chem. xxv. 115 (1898). 7 Wied. Ann. lxiv. 665 (1898). 8 Zeits. phys. Chem. vi, 97 (1890). CH. IX] CONDUCTIVITY OF ELECTROLYTES 211 velocity of one ion to the sum of the opposite ionic results on the subject were collected by T. C Fitzpatrickin his tables of The Electro-Chemical Properties of AqueousSol
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