. The age of mammals in Europe, Asia and North America. Mammals, Fossil; Paleontology. THE MIOCENE OF EUROPE, ASIA, AND NORTH AMERICA 265 view is that tliis fauna is an outlier of that which prevailed both in Asia and in Africa in Upper Miocene times. The various opinions on the im- portant point of the origin of this Pontian fauna will be cited later. With the advent of this new plains fauna, but especially with the ad- vent of these new conditions of life in southern Europe, it is not surprising to find a temporary retreat of the forest fauna. The old Miocene browsing. Fiu. 132. — Distributi
. The age of mammals in Europe, Asia and North America. Mammals, Fossil; Paleontology. THE MIOCENE OF EUROPE, ASIA, AND NORTH AMERICA 265 view is that tliis fauna is an outlier of that which prevailed both in Asia and in Africa in Upper Miocene times. The various opinions on the im- portant point of the origin of this Pontian fauna will be cited later. With the advent of this new plains fauna, but especially with the ad- vent of these new conditions of life in southern Europe, it is not surprising to find a temporary retreat of the forest fauna. The old Miocene browsing. Fiu. 132. — Distribution of the ' Hipparion Fauna' in the eastern hemisphere. fauna is partly dying out, partly retreating to the north, partly returning to the forests, hillsides, and swamps of Asia and Africa. Physiographic conditions. — De Lapparent ^ gives a clear account of the physiographic changes. In the Upper Miocene, or Pontian, the general recession of the sea, begun in the Middle Miocene or Vindobonian, con- tinues until the Mediterranean Sea has almost wholly dried up, or become reduced to a number of brackish lakes. As a result Europe is l^roadly con- nected with Asia and Africa; the waters of the great l^asins of eastern Europe grow gradually less saline, and are replaced by the Caspian Sea ' Dc Lapparent, A., Traite de Geologic, 1906, p. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Osborn, Henry Fairfield, 1857-1935. New York, The Macmillan Company
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectpaleontology, bookyea
