. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 246 OSTEOLOGY. Lateral articular facet. usually plane, or somewhat convex transversely. Occasionally, in the macerated bone, indications of a third vertical area are to be noted along the medial edge of the posterior aspect. This defines the part of the articular surface which rests on the lateral border of the medial condyle in extreme flexion. In the recent condition, when the femoral sur- face is coated with cartilage, a more com- plex arraDgement of facets may be in some cases displayed (as in- dicated in Fig. 244). Lamont {Journal of Anat. and
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 246 OSTEOLOGY. Lateral articular facet. usually plane, or somewhat convex transversely. Occasionally, in the macerated bone, indications of a third vertical area are to be noted along the medial edge of the posterior aspect. This defines the part of the articular surface which rests on the lateral border of the medial condyle in extreme flexion. In the recent condition, when the femoral sur- face is coated with cartilage, a more com- plex arraDgement of facets may be in some cases displayed (as in- dicated in Fig. 244). Lamont {Journal of Anat. and Physiol., 1910, vol. xliv. p. 149) has shown that these areas undergo con- siderable variation in their arrangement in races who habitually adopt the squatting posture. Distal to the femoral articular area the posterior surface of the apex is rough and irregular; the greater part of this is covered by synovial membrane, the liga- mentum patellae being attached to its summit and margins, reaching some little distance round the borders on to the anterior aspect of this part of the bone. Ossification.—The patella is laid down in cartilage about the third month of foetal life. At birth it is cartilaginous, and the tendon of the quadriceps is continuous with the ligamentum patellae over its anterior surface, and can easily be dissected off. About the third year an ossific centre appears in it and spreads more particularly over its deeper surface. Two centres, vertically disposed, have also been described. Ossification is usually com- pleted by the age of puberty. The Tibia. The tibia is the medial bone of the leg. It is much stouter and stronger than its neighbour the fibula, with which it is united proximally and distally. By its proximal expanded ex- Surface for attachment of anterior extremity of medial ruenisc Anterior cruciate ligament Fig. 245. A. Anterior Surface. Surface for the ligamentum patellae -The Right Patella. B. Posterior Surface. Tuberosity Emixentia intercondyl
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