. Dr. Evans' How to keep well; . ts of publicity. Therefore,nobody hears of the case of typhoid carried from the city to the country. They quote Professor Bass investigation of the Mankato, Minnesota,epidemic, wherein seventy-two cases of and five deaths from typhoid occurringin the country around Mankato were traceable to the epidemics in of these radiated cases went to the country around Seattle, Washing-ton ; Cedilla, Michigan; ToWner, North Dakota; and White, South Dakota. HOW WINTER TYPHOID IS SPREAD The typhoid rate should be divided in two parts—the winter rate, com-prising
. Dr. Evans' How to keep well; . ts of publicity. Therefore,nobody hears of the case of typhoid carried from the city to the country. They quote Professor Bass investigation of the Mankato, Minnesota,epidemic, wherein seventy-two cases of and five deaths from typhoid occurringin the country around Mankato were traceable to the epidemics in of these radiated cases went to the country around Seattle, Washing-ton ; Cedilla, Michigan; ToWner, North Dakota; and White, South Dakota. HOW WINTER TYPHOID IS SPREAD The typhoid rate should be divided in two parts—the winter rate, com-prising the rates for December to May, inclusive, and the summer rate, thatof the remainder of the twelve months. The winter rate indicates how muchfilth gets into the water supply. The summer rate indicates how much filthgets into the entire food supply, including the water. Freeman says: We have learned by sad experience the measure oftyphoid fever in any community is the measure of the distribution of human 316 CONTAGIOUS DISEASES. i r if %$$^f-==. filth in that community, and that the dissemination of human excrement willinevitably result in the spread of typhoid fever. In the winter the conditions for the spread of filth to other foods thanwater are not good. The few typhoid bacilli that get into milk are killedoff before they come to the consumer. The few flies stay so close to thewarm places that they do not carry infection, at least in cold climates. But the sewers empty their contents into the water supplies during thewinter as well as during the summer. The consensus of opinion is that water is about as dangerous in coldweather as in warm. There may be local conditions that modify this rule in certain cities, but it is true as a the amount of winter typhoidis pretty nearly a measure of thehabitual and customary water pollutionof a given community. The existence of a typical wintertyphoid is better known than the samecondition as a summer cho
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