. The structure and life of birds . Fig. 3- -Tibia and Fibula of Fowl,fibula ; T, tibia. merus (HU, fig. 2) has broad-ened, especially at the nearerend, and is covered with great protuberances, good evidence that powerful musclesspring from it and are attached to it. Till we cometo the fingers, there will be a striking increase in thelength of the various bones. A birds wing would bean outrageously long leg for a lizard of equal weightand bulk. When the long radius and ulna are ex-tended, the elbow-joint allows of no turning is essential for flight, they are held stiff whatever IO TH


. The structure and life of birds . Fig. 3- -Tibia and Fibula of Fowl,fibula ; T, tibia. merus (HU, fig. 2) has broad-ened, especially at the nearerend, and is covered with great protuberances, good evidence that powerful musclesspring from it and are attached to it. Till we cometo the fingers, there will be a striking increase in thelength of the various bones. A birds wing would bean outrageously long leg for a lizard of equal weightand bulk. When the long radius and ulna are ex-tended, the elbow-joint allows of no turning is essential for flight, they are held stiff whatever IO THE STRUCTURE AND LIFE OF BIRDS chap. strain is put upon them. The Radius is a veryslender bone, the Ulna much thicker, with small butwell-marked projections at the points where the greatfeathers grow. Of the nearer row of carpal bonesthere are only two (RC and UC), whereas there arethree found in the lizard ; in the bird the small inter-mediate one has disappeared, and also the central bone.


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookidstructurelif, bookyear1895