. An ecological characterization of Coastal Maine (north and east of Cape Elizabeth). Coastal ecology -- Maine. c o Q. 60 :? 50 > 40 01 ^ 30 20 10 ? Detritus. rate) Figure 5-48. Protein enrichment of Spartina detrital particles resulting from microbial colonization (after Odum and de la Cruz 1967). Energy flow also may be traced through a system through the examination of a food web (see chapter 1, "The Conceptual Framework of the Characterization" for a discussion of food webs). The estuarine intertidal and subtidal food web (figure 5-27) is dominated by the detrital food chain,
. An ecological characterization of Coastal Maine (north and east of Cape Elizabeth). Coastal ecology -- Maine. c o Q. 60 :? 50 > 40 01 ^ 30 20 10 ? Detritus. rate) Figure 5-48. Protein enrichment of Spartina detrital particles resulting from microbial colonization (after Odum and de la Cruz 1967). Energy flow also may be traced through a system through the examination of a food web (see chapter 1, "The Conceptual Framework of the Characterization" for a discussion of food webs). The estuarine intertidal and subtidal food web (figure 5-27) is dominated by the detrital food chain, in which dead vegetation colonized with microbes is ingested as detritus. However, zooplankton, barnacles, and bivalves, for example, may feed directly on phytoplankton and diatoms. Consumers of primary production in the detrital and grazing food chains include, for example, forage fish, such as the mummichog, the shrimp (Crangon sp.), the worms (Nepthys incisa and Scolecolepides viridis), the amphipods (Gammarus spp. and Ampelisca spp.) , the molluscs (soft-shelled clam, Baltic clam, and Hydrobia spp.), and many species of zooplankton and grazing fishes. The larvae of many of these species and families also are primary consumers in the estuarine food web. Secondary and tertiary consumers, energy-intensive organisms, are dominated by fish, waterfowl, and mammals. These species require high energy inputs from the lower trophic levels to maintain themselves, grow, reproduce, and migrate. Examples of high level consumers in Maine estuaries include the hakes, winter flounder, harbor seal, and mergansers. People are high level consumers also. An important feature of the salt marsh habitat is the fact that the primary producers (the green plants) are the primary energy sources. The energy fixed through photosynthesis in the green plants is consumed directly (as leaves) or indirectly (as detritus) by the higher consumers. Ultimately, the highest 5-130. Please note that these images ar
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