. Monthly nautical magazine, and quarterly review . adthe same height: or in other words, the pressure of a fluid is indirect proportion to its height, while the weight of a fluid is aproperty distinctly differing from the former, and is of course,like other bodies, in direct ratio to the volume of the mass. We may illustrate the influence of altitude upon pressure byfigure 1. Let the upper line, marked S, show the surface ofthe fluid, and the numbers below mark the locality of pointsthrough which parallels are drawn at equal distances. More-over, let these lines be drawn of such length that w
. Monthly nautical magazine, and quarterly review . adthe same height: or in other words, the pressure of a fluid is indirect proportion to its height, while the weight of a fluid is aproperty distinctly differing from the former, and is of course,like other bodies, in direct ratio to the volume of the mass. We may illustrate the influence of altitude upon pressure byfigure 1. Let the upper line, marked S, show the surface ofthe fluid, and the numbers below mark the locality of pointsthrough which parallels are drawn at equal distances. More-over, let these lines be drawn of such length that when multi-plied by the perpendicular distance from S, the products will beequal; and we shall have the points for two curved lines exhib-iting the ratio of uniform pressure to the eye within their boun-daries, as we descend, but without regard to the gravity of wa-ter and air, (which will enter into the formation of fig. 2.) The preceding is not only true with respect to the influenceof height upon pressure, but a similar ratio obtains in relation. SURFACE AREAS OF —PRESSURE >~t Water—Its Science, at Rest and in Motion. 37 to the areas of the bases of columns. A single column of wa-ter will exert the same force on a given area of base, if confinedabove it, as will any number of columns of the same height con-fined in the same manner. It is, then, the full and complete lawof hydrostatics, that the pressure of a liquid, as water, is in pro-portion to its height and its area at the base. Therefore, if animmersed body, which has been calculated to sustain a uniformpressure from base to surface, have parallel planes passed throughit at any altitude between the base and the surface, the area ofthose planes will correspond to the spaces defined by the curvedlines of pressure, as shown in fig. 2. Let S represent the sur-face of the water, at which point the pressure of the atmosphereis equal to , or nearly fifteen pounds upon a square lines 1, 2, 3, 4,
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